Bitwise Alpha Strategy Manager Interview: Strategy is the "Altcoin" of Traditional Finance
Original Article Title: Market Crash. But at Least We Get a $200K Bitcoin? - The Chopping Block
Original Source: Unchained
Original Article Translation: Deep Tide TechFlow

Guest: Jeff Park, Director of Bitwise Asset Management Alpha Strategy
Host:
· Haseeb Qureshi, Partner at Dragonfly Capital
· Robert Leshner, CEO & Co-founder of Superstate
· Tom Schmidt, Partner at Dragonfly Capital
Air Date: April 11, 2025
Key Takeaways
· Bitwise Alpha Strategy Director - The year-end target price for Bitcoin is expected to reach $200,000.
· Bitcoin vs. Gold - Bitcoin, as a store of value, shares similarities with gold. When choosing between the two, investors primarily consider volatility. Therefore, older individuals tend to prefer gold, while younger individuals favor Bitcoin. The reason why young people lean towards Bitcoin is largely due to its volatility. If you believe this is one of the key factors driving Bitcoin's value.
· "TradFi's Shitcoin" - MicroStrategy plays the role of a shitcoin in traditional finance, as it is essentially a combination of cryptocurrency and Bitcoin.
· Circle Delays IPO - Circle's financial situation is better than initially perceived. Although their costs are high, their current revenue is much higher than a year ago.
· Ripple Acquires Hidden Road - This acquisition is strategically significant for Ripple as it allows them to more effectively utilize their balance sheet. The acquisition also helps expand the market for their new stablecoin, RLUSD.
· Bitcoin Market Resurgence - Some believe that based on interest rate changes, Bitcoin will perform differently. A decrease in interest rates benefits Bitcoin as it leads to financial repression and inflation, making Bitcoin a tool for storing value.
· Impossible Trinity - After the end of the Bretton Woods system, we faced the Impossible Trinity, which means you can only choose two out of three among open capital flows, independent central banks, and floating exchange rates to build a monetary system. If you give up one, the other two must adjust.
· Cryptocurrency Macroeconomic Decoupling - The Federal Reserve and global central banks are engaging in true stimulus to try to rescue their economies from shocks, which will distort asset prices. In that scenario, a decoupling between Bitcoin and other tokens may occur.
The Impact of Tariffs on Cryptocurrency & Bitcoin's Role in Portfolios
Haseeb:
Jeff, you work at Bitwise Asset Management and have a deep understanding of macroeconomics. Let's discuss the impact of tariffs on cryptocurrency, what changes have occurred in the crypto market? Why should we expect tariffs to have such a significant impact on cryptocurrency, even though cryptocurrencies themselves are not directly affected by tariffs as they are not involved in imports or exports? So why would the crypto market care about tariff-related issues?
Jeff:
From a positive perspective, I hope to mark the bottom of the market so we can look back on this episode in the future.
Overall, cryptocurrency and Bitcoin have always been the focus of investors, and their role in portfolios is evolving. Since the launch of ETFs, mainstream investors can more effectively include Bitcoin as part of a global asset, which is why the correlation of Bitcoin with risk appetite and risk-off sentiment has strengthened.
Especially as Bitcoin serves as a store of value, with characteristics similar to gold, investors primarily consider volatility when choosing. Therefore, older individuals tend to prefer gold, while younger individuals favor Bitcoin. The reason young people prefer Bitcoin is largely due to its volatility. If you believe this is one of the key factors driving Bitcoin's value.
On the other hand, if other macro assets become more volatile, the opportunity cost of holding Bitcoin will also rise as you need to compete with these non-traditional assets. The volatility of traditional assets via ETFs has affected institutional investors' interest in Bitcoin. Therefore, I believe Bitcoin is usually the best choice for risk trading, but timing is crucial, especially regarding the behavior path dependence of other assets. Undoubtedly, with changes in volatility and the VIX index, many people are starting to pay attention to stock discounts, where they may find opportunities in the prices of Tesla or NVIDIA, and may sell Bitcoin for arbitrage. I think these are the reasons behind the market's volatility in recent months.
Haseeb:
We've seen a significant market downturn over the past few days. If you look at Thursday and Friday, the market's trading days following the tariff announcement, you'll find that the market dropped by 4% to 5%. Then by the close on Tuesday, the market saw another 2% decline. So overall, we've dropped nearly 16% to 17% from this year's market high. Depending on the indices you follow, the situation could be even worse. So far, Bitcoin hasn't really acted as a safe haven; its trading performance has closely mirrored other major indices.
Retail Investors vs. Institutional Investors & Bitcoin's Sensitivity to Interest Rate Changes
Haseeb:
In the stock market, retail investors are actually buying while institutions are selling. J.P. Morgan reported that last Thursday and Friday were the biggest days of retail buying volume in decades, setting a remarkable record. Retail investors took advantage of buying the dip, believing in a market rebound, and they seized that opportunity.
Not sure if this situation also applies to the cryptocurrency market, which is primarily driven by retail investors. While institutional investors have a presence in the crypto space, retail investors remain the primary holders, even in the complexity of ETFs. So, considering that the cryptocurrency market is retail-driven, is this why Bitcoin has maintained relative strength? Would the situation be worse if Bitcoin were more like an institutional asset?
Jeff:
I believe Bitcoin has always demonstrated its leading indicator characteristics as a global liquidity conduit, with Bitcoin's movements typically reflecting people's expectations of global liquidity changes. Currently, institutional capital's speed of reaction may be faster than retail capital from two years ago, which is still a significant factor.
A unique challenge for Bitcoin is its complexity in terms of investor targets. I often discuss Bitcoin with institutional investors in terms of two scenarios: positive rho Bitcoin and negative rho Bitcoin. Here, rho represents Bitcoin's sensitivity to interest rate changes. Some believe that Bitcoin performs differently based on interest rate changes. Negative rho Bitcoin refers to Bitcoin benefiting from interest rate decreases, as this leads to financial repression and inflation, making Bitcoin a store of value tool.
On the other hand, positive rho Bitcoin is seen as a safe haven asset in a world on the brink of collapse or extreme deflation. In such scenarios, Bitcoin becomes the asset people seek in a crisis. Yesterday's situation in China is an example of this complex relationship. In response to what Trump has done, China has actually expanded the range of its currency devaluation to allow the yuan to appreciate in ways historically not allowed. Today, we see the yuan devaluing so rapidly, almost back to the levels of 2008. If we think about this impact, the actual devaluation of the yuan is a result of deflation, which typically lowers global prices, making it more likely for us to see deflation due to imports. This is a positive rho Bitcoin world, not a situation desired by the U.S. or China. They are essentially ramping up the intensity of this confrontation.
Another approach China could have taken is through a large-scale internal fiscal stimulus plan to boost consumption, which is essentially an inflationary version, akin to releasing the Bitcoin floodgate with a negative rho Chinese quantitative easing. Yesterday, the Bitcoin market experienced some fluctuations, initially seeing an uptick but later realizing the risk of deflation, causing the price to fall back.
Overall, Bitcoin's sensitivity to interest rates has shown relative instability in the global market adoption process. I believe we are currently in a negative rho Bitcoin environment, where people generally expect inflation and loose policies to drive Bitcoin's value. However, undoubtedly, when the situation becomes extremely chaotic, Bitcoin will rise as the ultimate store of value.
Haseeb:
In the world of Bitcoin, there are two forces at play. As Bitcoin becomes a more mature asset, this dynamic may become more pronounced. Bitcoin's reactions at times appear unstable and unpredictable. Sometimes it shows no response to macroeconomic shocks but then plummets significantly over the weekend. Today we see its performance closely resembling that of the Nasdaq.
Altcoins and Institutional Investor Interest
Haseeb:
In the current market environment, altcoins have been under greater pressure. How do you view the performance of altcoins in this environment? There are now many expectations for policy easing, apart from tariffs, there may also be significant tax cuts. In addition, the market anticipates the Fed to cut rates more frequently than previously expected. As far as I know, CME currently anticipates five rate cuts this year, compared to just a few cuts in previous expectations, and at one point, only one. How do you view these changes, and how will they affect the altcoin market?
Jeff:
Altcoins are quite complex and face two main challenges.
First, aside from Bitcoin, other altcoins have significant differences in their consensus mechanisms, requiring more maintenance. Bitcoin is like a cold wallet you can keep under your mattress, usually without issues. The problem with altcoins is that if they are proof-of-stake tokens, investors need to participate in the ecosystem to earn rewards, which increases investors' costs. If you are an institutional investor and cannot participate in this value accrual mechanism, similar to missing out on a stock's special dividend because your stock holdings are in custody that doesn’t allow on-chain operations, as opposed to the kind that does, investors will naturally have reservations because they do not want to be in an unfair competitive situation. In the altcoin market, these unfair situations do sometimes exist.
The second factor is that many investors see altcoins as a leveraged trading tool. They are excited by Bitcoin's volatility and believe that altcoins can offer higher returns, higher leverage, and greater volatility in terms of capital efficiency.
But the fundamental shift is that in December of last year, we had Bitcoin ETF options. Through regulated markets, we can trade Bitcoin options, providing a similar speculative and hedging thrill. This way, investors can engage in leveraged trading more strategically without worrying about the risks associated with those "insider" or "narrative" elements.
MicroStrategy: An Alternative Investment in the Traditional Financial Space
Haseeb:
It sounds like you're saying that altcoins appeal to institutional investors because they find Bitcoin's volatility not stimulating enough and seek higher-risk investments. Altcoins are like a more speculative version of Bitcoin. Now, institutions can trade Bitcoin options and ETF options via CME, making them more inclined to choose Bitcoin options over altcoins.
Jeff:
Perhaps this is why MicroStrategy has risen. In my view, MicroStrategy plays the role of an altcoin in traditional finance; it's actually a blend of cryptocurrency and Bitcoin.
MicroStrategy is like an additional thrill. Its volatility is actually greater than Bitcoin's. Currently, Bitcoin's price ranges between $45,000 and $55,000, while MicroStrategy's stock price is around $100, sometimes even reaching $200. Therefore, for liquidity-seeking investors, MicroStrategy provides a more exciting investment experience than altcoins without the need to take on the risks of those less understood altcoins. Additionally, MicroStrategy has created leverage through financial engineering. They have issued convertible bonds and various structured preferred stocks, providing investors with multiple risk preference options. It's like choosing your desired altcoin risk from Bitcoin's buffet.
I believe that MicroStrategy becoming the highest-traded stock and options contract, along with the success of the 2x leveraged MSTR ETF, demonstrates that Bitcoin's financialization has allowed traditional investors to see greater appeal through MicroStrategy, thereby reducing the allure of altcoins to some extent.
Haseeb:
I find this story a bit hard to believe. While MicroStrategy's derivative structure may indeed be so, in the ETF market, institutional investors mainly acquire altcoins through Ethereum, and Ethereum's ETF market has never exceeded $100 billion. Therefore, this is not a large market. Most altcoins are actually held by retail investors and are not a true institutional asset class. Therefore, any analysis explaining the current state of the altcoin market must start with retail investors. Retail investors are not the reason dominating this market. Institutional investors may be trading Bitcoin ETF options or leveraged trading on MicroStrategy, but this is not the reason for the altcoin decline.
Jeff:
Yes, if you talk to most cryptocurrency traders and investors, they would say they are working to make their tokens generate returns. Even though Ethereum's performance relative to Bitcoin was poor last year, when considering the additional returns from using Ethereum for productive purposes, this price difference is not so obvious. If you stake Ethereum and leverage the capabilities of Eigenlayer or EtherFi Rent, participating in these staking activities, the total return of the ETH market does not only reflect Ethereum's price. That's the point I'm trying to make. Therefore, if you're an institutional investor and you can't access Renzo and EtherFi.
Haseeb:
If I could rephrase your point just now, now global funds are pouring into the U.S. stock market. Although this is somewhat abnormal because the U.S. is a relatively slow-growing country, it has attracted global savings. We are trying to address the issue of trade imbalances, hoping to change the direction of dollar inflows, but we still need a market where investors are willing to take risks. This market may no longer be the U.S. stock market but the crypto market.
Jeff:
In this scenario, I think this is advantageous for Bitcoin because at least then we can start thinking about building a strategic Bitcoin reserve since Bitcoin's development path may require redefining the social contract of dollar hegemony.
Haseeb:
Now we are clearly in an uncertain situation, no one knows how the tariff issue will evolve, causing the market to fluctuate.
Geopolitical Impact of Tariffs
Tom:
Jeff, about two months ago you wrote an article about "Plaza Accord 2.0," mentioning using tariffs to adjust the dollar exchange rate and lower interest rates. We are experiencing a different version of this situation. Obviously, this situation existed ten years ago, is the current development as you expected? What surprised you? How do you think we deviated from this path?
Jeff:
Since I shared my views on the long-term impact of tariffs on the Bitcoin price, I have become less certain about Trump's ultimate goal.
In an ideal world, developing a strategy similar to the Plaza Accord or Core Accord 2.0 would be reasonable. That is, the dollar does need to depreciate to enhance America's competitiveness, but you would want foreign creditors to continue buying U.S. Treasury bonds, which requires some form of agreement to achieve this goal. This must be achieved through strategy rather than undisputed consensus. This is the ideal scenario.
The moment that made me lose confidence was when Trump began blindly attacking almost everyone, including allies who I thought should be untouchable—such as Japan. If there is a country that needs special treatment, it is Japan, as they are currently the largest holder of U.S. Treasury bonds. You need to be sensitive to this. However, Trump not only did not show this sensitivity but instead lumped Japan together with China, calling them currency manipulators. This shocked me because Japan's currency manipulation is usually for America's benefit. Therefore, this lack of careful handling of allies made me realize that the ultimate goal may be a greater degree of protectionism, which I did not think would happen.
Robert:
I gradually formed a theory: This is not just about protectionism but creating conditions for the transformation of protectionism. Now many companies are considering, perhaps we should reshore some production activities because of the uncertainty, we want to be closer to the market. Many people are actually pulling demand forward. I know many are trying to cope with tariffs by buying cars, furniture, and durable goods. I think the government does want to see a return of manufacturing jobs. There's a lot of discussion and joking about this because we might not be making sweaters, socks, and Nike shoes here.
I don't think anyone realistically expects us to bring back low-end manufacturing to the U.S. I think if anything, it would be focused on very specific industries, such as strategic industries like semiconductors and chips.
Haseeb:
But we didn't impose tariffs on semiconductors. It seems like the only part of this policy that might make sense geopolitically has been excluded from the tariffs.
Robert:
We can't afford to disrupt the system to that extent. Can you imagine if we placed tariffs on them? But I do believe there's one aspect that hasn't been discussed enough, and that is I think this is not just about the trade itself from a geopolitical standpoint. In fact, it's an attempt to shift the focus of manufacturing away from China to countries closer aligned with us.
Haseeb:
We've been pushing people to build factories in Vietnam, Malaysia, and Mexico, and then we hit them with higher tariffs than China.
Robert:
But we'll strike deals with them and find an amicable solution with these countries. We might not strike such a deal with China; the rhetoric and the escalation with China are on a different level. So, I think the end state could be substantial tariffs on China while not on our allies. If you're a company based in China, your first thought is I need to relocate to Vietnam or Japan or some country more closely related to the U.S.
Jeff:
I agree with your perspective, Robert. This is somewhat the path we as Americans have to envision because it's the most effective and ideal outcome. However, we also can't assume the path to achieving this outcome doesn't come with negative repercussions.
For example, I think the White House conveyed yesterday that Japan will have a priority lane as a way to engage in tariff negotiations. I believe part of the reason is to give Japan some compensation because the U.S. has somewhat offended them to provide them with a strategic advantage as an ally. So, they're playing these games. But in reality, in the past week and a half, just as Japan was getting frustrated and the U.S. hadn't given them the priority lane, China actually announced that they were exploring a trilateral trade relationship with South Korea and Japan. This public declaration of intent indicates that some back-channel talks have already occurred in a way that China would benefit from it, as China wouldn't readily make such a statement.
These three countries in Asia are less likely to cooperate because they're not friendly with each other. So, you can't be sure if there's some sort of quid pro quo arrangement in America's action path that might eventually have a negative impact on America's power vacuum—which is my biggest concern, worrying that these things might come with collateral damage as we live in a multilateral world, and we should be cautious about it.
Haseeb:
I believe these tariff policies are very misguided and lack a coherent strategy. While we have exempted semiconductors, which are considered among the most critical products in terms of military and geopolitical importance, our tariffs on many allies are higher than those on openly hostile nations. Russia and Belarus are the only countries excluded from the tariff list, which clearly gives us an opportunity to engage in free trade with them. Meanwhile, China has taken advantage of this situation by becoming a very stable partner, gradually committing to free trade and increasingly becoming a stable trading partner for more and more countries.
The Global Monetary System and the Role of Bitcoin
Haseeb:
I think Trump focuses more on power play in negotiations and political decisions rather than alliances and diplomacy. Sometimes, this strategy is tactical. However, during peacetime, when the economy is strong, unemployment is at historic lows, and we are on the cusp of the AI and cryptocurrency tech revolution, stirring up disputes suddenly, turning everyone into enemies, is not a good move.
Jeff:
I am concerned that if the world begins to reassess the role of the US dollar and the US-led global financial system, various alternative scenarios may emerge. One of the scenarios we can discuss is the "Impossible Trinity" theory, whose core idea is that after the Bretton Woods system, we face an impossible trinity where you can only choose two of open capital flows, independent central banks, and floating exchange rates to construct a monetary system. If you give up one, the other two must adjust.
For example, the US has chosen open capital flows and an independent Fed, so it needs to let the dollar float freely. China has adopted a different strategy; they do not have open capital flows and manage the exchange rate by the PBOC, so they can maintain a fixed exchange rate. The Eurozone has chosen open capital flows and floating exchange rates but no independent central bank, with each country's policies aggregated into a larger Eurozone. Therefore, there are multiple design options for the global monetary system, and now people are starting to question if there is a more effective system than the free-floating model advocated by the US.
Bitcoin's Performance in Different Economic Environments
Haseeb:
There is a high possibility of an economic recession, and if we enter a stagflation state, where there is both economic recession and high inflation simultaneously, possibly due to the impact of tariffs. How do you think Bitcoin would perform in such a scenario?
Jeff:
I expect Bitcoin's target price to reach $200,000 by the end of the year, and I still believe there is a high chance of achieving this target. Even in a stagflation scenario, Bitcoin can still be the fastest-growing asset and perform well.
Haseeb:
So you think Bitcoin will win in the speculative market. If it's not stagflation but instead the Fed significantly cuts interest rates and implements quantitative easing, the economy will regain vitality, but inflation will remain high. How do you think Bitcoin would perform in that scenario?
Jeff:
I think it would perform even better. The trajectory of these things could change significantly, and it's really just a reflection of time. As a liquid asset, no one knows where these things will ultimately go; it's a commodity.
I am an extremely path-dependent option pricer, so I evaluate the entire implied volatility surface, which requires us to recalibrate.
Haseeb:
Assuming the tariffs are withdrawn, the courts overturn them, and Congress lacks the courage to reimpose them. So, the whole tariff strategy ends like that. Do you think in that environment, Bitcoin would be higher or lower, compared to the tariffs remaining unchanged, entering a stagflation world, and Fed expansion?
Jeff:
I think that would still be a good outcome, favorable to Bitcoin, and perhaps eventually reaching $175,000.
Haseeb:
So, if withdrawing the tariffs would be worse, and if tariffs remain unchanged and the Fed expands, it would be better, what are your thoughts?
Robert:
I think that scenario is almost impossible. If we reverse the tariffs, the actual impact is minimal, just like going back two weeks, the only real change is the trust between the U.S. and different trading partners. I do think this could continue to be a potential issue for the U.S., but it could also be beneficial for alternative economic structures, even good news for Bitcoin. I think people might lose confidence in U.S. Treasury bonds and the dollar.
Haseeb:
Do you think if tariffs remain unchanged and the Fed continues its expansionary policy, would this be more favorable for Bitcoin? Or the opposite?
Robert:
I think tariffs remaining unchanged might be better. Because the market usually only focuses on current changes, not future two-step changes, the market operates based on what is happening now.
Tom:
Even if tariffs were completely rolled back, we would go back to two weeks ago, the dollar is still devaluing, I think this might be more favorable for Bitcoin. I've been thinking about global liquidity and Bitcoin's relationship. Although we have discussed it many times, Bitcoin still seems to be like a risk asset. I hope it could become an alternative to gold, but that has not happened yet. Maybe now is the time, there is always a first time, if you look at the price trend of the past three to four years, you will feel this is a fundamental transformation.
Haseeb:
So, would rolling back tariffs be better? I'm not so sure because unchanged tariffs might bring more pain and instability, which could drive up Bitcoin prices by the end of the year. I see this as a possibility of decoupling of cryptocurrency from the real economy, as the Fed and central banks globally are engaging in real stimulus to try to save their economies from shocks, which will distort asset prices. I believe this is likely to happen to Bitcoin rather than to other tokens.
In that case, there might be a decoupling between Bitcoin and other tokens, and I am uncertain about the outcomes of both scenarios. I think it is very counterintuitive because on any given day, Bitcoin's performance does not meet expectations, nor do other tokens, the correlation is breaking down. Sometimes Bitcoin trades with gold, sometimes with the Nasdaq, and sometimes completely abandons both, following its own path, it is clear that this asset is evolving.
I think by 2025 or 2026, we will be talking about Bitcoin in a very different way, and we will have a different psychological model. I guess by the end of this year, we will have a different understanding of how cryptocurrency performs in a huge macro imbalance.
Jeff:
I agree. Global liquidity as well. I think people will start to understand the leverage in these conversations more granularly. Because, Tom, as you said, one of the issues with global liquidity is that the devaluation of the dollar actually benefits global liquidity. But I'm not sure if the increase in global liquidity brought about by the devaluation of the dollar will drive the valuation of Bitcoin.
Circle's IPO and Its Business Viability
Haseeb:
I want to talk about two stories related to the capital markets, which are relevant to the overall context. The first is the news of Circle's announcement of filing for an IPO. Circle plans to go public with a valuation of $40 billion to $50 billion. Apparently, Circle has been striving to enter the public market, but was previously hindered by Gensler and the former SEC, making it difficult for cryptocurrency companies to go public. Now they have finally received approval, but due to tariff issues, they announced a delay in the IPO. Therefore, Circle withdrew the application. However, discussions about the viability of this company are still ongoing, how the capital markets will perceive it, and whether they will be able to achieve the expected valuation, these questions are still up in the air.
How do you view the prospects of Circle? How do you think it will be treated in the public market? Obviously, all IPOs are currently on pause, and all companies planning to go public are waiting for market stability. But setting that aside, how do you view Circle as a company entering the public market?
Robert:
I believe that their financial data does not fully reflect the growth of USDC in the past few months. USDC has been growing. Since they are a company that earns interest through a stablecoin reserve, there is a certain lag effect. If a business continues to grow over a year, its revenue will not increase significantly immediately, due to averaging effects. Therefore, I think their financial situation is better than it initially appears, although their costs are also high, their current revenue is much higher than a year ago. If the supply of USDC is growing, this will disproportionately benefit them. I think this has been underestimated.
Regarding the discussions on crypto Twitter, I also noticed that Circle is a massive organization compared to Tether. People say that Circle's scale is only a small part of Tether, but its number of employees is 40 times that of Tether. This suggests that they may be able to allocate human resources more efficiently in the future. Executive compensation is also high. All of these indicators suggest that their current operations may not be the most effective, which could be because they achieved returns of over 4% in times of economic prosperity without exerting too much effort. Therefore, there may be a "good times syndrome." But if the economy continues to improve, their business will soar; if the situation worsens, they will have to make some tough decisions.
Haseeb:
One key question about Circle is how the public market will perceive this company? Will they see it as an asset management company or a tech company? This will directly impact the multiple they can command. Robert, how do you think the public market will view Circle when it goes public?
Robert:
I believe it is an asset management company because their earnings per dollar are quite significant, at around 4% or more. They have to share some fees with Coinbase, but their yield is still very high.
They earn significant fees in asset management behind stablecoins. So, no matter what additional features they roll out for developers, those won't really change their revenue. The driving force of their revenue and profits is how much USDC they issue and what the target rate is. That's the entire business.
Jeff:
Indeed, it is an asset management structure, but it may have an inverse asset management multiple. As an asset management company, it may be very profitable in a high-interest-rate environment, as you mentioned, it's a long-term rate, whereas most publicly traded firms like Blackstone benefit in a low-rate environment. Hence, it has a different relationship with the direct creative component of the asset management business, which could have far-reaching implications. I would even say that combining a Bitcoin portfolio with Circle as a hedge could be a useful tool.
But I want to emphasize the revenue split with Coinbase again because the multiple's height depends on having a defensible moat. If the fee Circle charges as a distribution partner is this high, how strong is the defensibility of Circle's business model? This makes me ponder, whether this is really not a tech game but more of a distribution game. If it's a distribution game, then the underwriting approach applied to that multiple will be completely different. We await eagerly.
Haseeb:
Tom, how do you see Circle?
Tom:
I'll be a bit restrained here because I don't want to be seen as a detractor of Circle. I think their people are great, and I really appreciate their contributions to the industry. I just feel that last year I half-jokingly tweeted that Tether could easily acquire Circle with just one quarter's profit. Frankly, as time has passed, this joke seems less and less exaggerated. I think Tether has a better structure in terms of overall company operational costs. They could easily buy out this company. They have no one trying to interfere with them in Washington. And they could easily tear apart agreements with Coinbase or simply shut down products, transition to USDT, and ultimately form a better corporate structure.
When I look at their changes over the past year, their profit margin has been consistently shrinking, and overall profitability has also been declining. I really don't know what their strong prospects are. I think the tech story is cool, but it hasn't really materialized. It looks more like an asset management company.
Haseeb:
I have to admit I haven't closely studied Circle's S1 filing, but I did notice some points. As interest rates start to rise, the overall stablecoin supply decreases. This is understandable because when the interest rate is zero, putting funds on-chain has no opportunity cost, and businesses can profit from it. As interest rates decrease, it should attract more funds into the stablecoin market. So is this countervailing force completely symmetrical? I'm not sure, maybe not. In a situation where stablecoins are more regulated and considered safer than in 2021 and 2022, some changes may occur.
Secondly, apparently, Circle can charge high fees for issuance and redemption. If you hold a stablecoin that people use for payments, then if Circle can gain an advantage in the stablecoin bill and other regulations, find it easier to get licensed, and win favor from regulators, they may have a significant advantage in terms of regulation compared to Tether. So, can they monetize this regulatory advantage? Perhaps, especially as other companies rush to collaborate with stablecoins and integrate them into their domestic operations. So, apart from banking business, holding assets and liabilities, collecting float income, there are many stories to tell. I agree with your view that the current business does indeed look more like this, as interest rates are high. As interest rates decline, they will find other ways to monetize this business. After all, it is currently basically a duopoly market between Circle and Tether. I think you may see the market segmented into different areas, just like you see in DeFi, with USDC dominating the market. While Tether's use dominates in emerging markets.
If things evolve in this way, then every stablecoin issuer can aggressively monetize within their own domain without worrying too much about price competition. Because if you are in DeFi, there are hardly any other choices. If you are in emerging markets, there are hardly any other choices. You must use their tokens, so they can charge more fees upstream and downstream. Take Tron, for example, Tron's fees historically have been very high. If you look at Tron's blockchain fees now, most blockchains' fees are currently very low because it's a downturn period, everyone is focused on macro activities, and the transaction volume is not high, but Tron's fees are high.
Why is Tron's Fee So High? Tron's fee is not due to network congestion, but rather because of validator voting increasing the fee. You can see this as Justin Sun taking advantage of people's necessity to use Tron. Therefore, Tron essentially extracts a significant profit from all payment activities conducted on Tron. This is a great example for me, showcasing the situation when having a monopoly on payment infrastructure. So, can Tether and USDC find a way to create such a fee for themselves? I don't see why they couldn't do that, especially when their core business model in commercial paper is no longer as appealing.
Tom:
I think this is a narrative, and all rent-seeking narratives are part of it. But I think the balance sheet almost tells a different story, which is how much of USDC is held on Coinbase. So, it's not being used as payment infrastructure. Thus, I think it's a nice wish, and I really hope this situation can materialize. I hope to see more duopoly in this market, having more competitors. But in reality, unless their efforts make Tether illegal, I really don't see this becoming a reality.
Jeff:
I think this scenario is almost impossible because the U.S.' strategic interest lies in maintaining the independence of these two entities. The privilege you mentioned actually reflects foreign willingness to hold funds in USD and pay any price for it. Thus, the U.S. can treat foreign fund holders and domestic citizens differently, where this privilege itself is a premium that can be extracted. Therefore, philosophically speaking, even if the U.S. wants to showcase its superiority, it still wants these two entities to remain independent. So, if these two entities were to merge, it would be a terrible outcome as there might be other companies emerging trying to compete with Tether, which would present a bigger challenge to the U.S.
Meaning of Ripple Labs Acquiring Hidden Road
Haseeb:
Today we learned about the largest acquisition in the history of the crypto industry, where Ripple Labs acquired Hidden Road for $1.25 billion. Hidden Road is an institutional product provider that primarily serves institutional clients, likely unknown to most retail investors. As the second-largest major broker in the crypto industry, Hidden Road processes around $3 trillion in transactions annually and has over 300 institutional clients. Typically in acquisition deals, the headline number often is a combination of multiple factors or a complex structure tied to performance making up a large figure. But this deal is undoubtedly significant, strategically for Ripple. Firstly, they can more efficiently leverage their balance sheet as they obviously have a lot of cash on hand; secondly, the acquisition aids in expanding their new stablecoin RLUSD's reach in the market.
This M&A transaction is very intriguing. We were actually investors in Hidden Road, so now we are also investors in Ripple Labs. Congratulations to us, the Hidden Road team has performed remarkably. For the entire industry, this is an interesting moment, especially in the current macroeconomic context where the market is generally unstable, with almost all crypto industry assets falling. It has been a tough year, but stablecoin growth, increasing institutional involvement, and the ETF ecosystem all look very robust. Therefore, I would like everyone to share their thoughts on this significant transaction. Robert, when you saw this transaction news, what was your immediate reaction?
Robert:
I need to disclose that I am the CEO of Superstate, we are a client of Hidden Road. We use their trade execution service, the team is outstanding, and the product is great. When I saw this news, I had a bit of an "aha" moment. There were rumors previously about Falcon X considering acquiring them, and I could also envision them being acquired by Coinbase or another exchange. Hence, seeing Ripple as the acquirer was somewhat surprising. I think it makes sense for Ripple, considering Hidden Road's market share, the price wasn't too high. If this can increase the usage of the XRP Ledger, I believe they can sell this narrative to the public and sell enough XRP to finance the entire transaction. Therefore, this is a smart move for Ripple. I just didn't expect this outcome.
Jeff:
I am also surprised, but not entirely shocked, as the trend of integration between crypto services and traditional financial services is very evident, and providing a multi-asset solution might be a worthwhile pursuit.
What surprises me is that I always viewed Hidden Road as Citadel's "down payment" when considering the crypto market. I thought Citadel would find this to be a business worth undertaking, especially given the regulatory transparency, or they would continue to fund it as an outsourced business but not directly getting involved.
This confirms my view: it is much easier for traditional companies to enter the crypto space offering some ancillary services than the other way around is relatively difficult. I noticed Hidden Road was trying to expand into some non-crypto-related areas. For example, they have crypto short-term trading, but they also aim to provide a full multi-asset solution, wanting to be a fixed income clearing partner or a market maker, things that Citadel can do.
This reminds me of the current situation where companies like Goldman Sachs are trying to provide prime brokerage services to compete with Falcon X. In fact, for crypto companies, entering the traditional finance space is quite challenging, while traditional financial firms entering the crypto space is relatively easier. This transaction may reflect this trend.
Haseeb:
Tom, what are your thoughts?
Tom:
I'm really surprised, considering this is an investment firm, but this is great. As an investor in Ripple Labs, this is truly exciting.
Haseeb:
I think for most of the audience, the average person might not even know what a prime broker is. So for many people, hearing "wow, the largest M&A deal in the crypto industry" is like a complex thing, with only 300 clients using it. So, I think this is to some extent the growth of the crypto industry's financial infrastructure. In a way, Hidden Road is also a response to FTX because more and more institutional traders, especially after the FTX incident, do not want to face counterparty risk. They want a neutral party between them and the trading platform, and that's exactly the core function of a prime broker. So Hidden Road offers many other services to improve capital efficiency, but this is one of the main stories. As you mentioned, they were spun out of Citadel, which is a large hedge fund asset management company. So, this truly is the intersection and integration of traditional finance with the crypto market structure.
For me, the biggest story is that besides Ripple seeing the advantage of leveraging Hidden Road for distribution, Hidden Road still needs to remain neutral and operate independently to continue being a useful prime broker. This is also why Coinbase couldn't truly own a prime broker because Coinbase itself is an exchange and hence not considered neutral. So, I think the biggest thing is that this proves the maturation of the crypto industry. Such real M&A deals, and the success of such a company, are signs of growth in the crypto industry, which is maturing. I think for everything in this space, it's a good signal for the future market.
Now, due to global events and the extent of the market downturn, maintaining a positive attitude is extremely challenging. However, events like this, I believe, serve as positive highlights, indicating forward-looking reasons to be optimistic in this space. I think, for long-term capital, many people see this and are willing to make large investments in this regard. For me, this is an important takeaway: mergers and acquisitions are still happening, which is also a good sign.
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Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Infrastructure Bill'
If the US stablecoin bill, the "GENIUS Act," passes smoothly this time, its significance will be tremendous. I even think it's significant enough to enter the top five in Crypto history.
Although abbreviated as the GENIUS Act, which translates directly to the Genius Act, it is actually the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins, which translates to "Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Dollar Stablecoins."
The proposal is lengthy, with several key points summarized for everyone:
· Mandatory 1:1 Full Asset Backing: Assets include cash, demand deposits, and short-term US Treasuries. At the same time, misappropriation and rehypothecation are strictly prohibited.
· High-Frequency Disclosure: Reserve reports must be published at least monthly, introducing external audits.
· Licensing Requirement: Once the circulating market cap of the issuer's stablecoin exceeds $100 billion, it must transition into the federal regulatory system within a specified timeframe, adopting banking-grade regulation.
· Introduction of Custody: The custodian of the stablecoin and its reserve assets must be a regulated qualified financial institution.
· Clear Definition as a Payment Medium: The bill explicitly defines stablecoin as a new type of payment medium, primarily regulated by the banking regulatory system, rather than restricted by the securities or commodities regulatory system.
· Embracing Existing Stablecoins: A maximum 18-month grace period after the bill's enactment, aimed at encouraging existing stablecoin issuers (such as USDT, USDC, etc.) to promptly obtain licenses or become compliant.
After finishing the main content, let's talk about the significance of this matter with an excited heart.
Over the years, when others asked, "After working in the Crypto industry for 16 years, what application have you created?"
In the future, you can confidently tell others—Stablecoins.
Some people have held opposing views. In the past, people's impression of stablecoins was that they were an opaque black box. Every few months, there would be FUD — whether Tether's assets were frozen or Circle had a significant black hole deficit.
In fact, if you think about it, Tether easily rakes in billions of dollars a year just from the interest on those underlying government bonds. Circle, slightly less, also made a $1.7 billion profit last year.
They basically made money while standing there. From a motivational standpoint, they have no malicious intentions. In fact, they are the most eager for compliance.
Now, this opaque black box will become a transparent white box.
In the past, the only complaint was that Tether's funds might have been frozen by the United States. Now, they will be directly placed into U.S. compliant custodial institutions, with high-frequency disclosures, so you can rest assured.
【No need to worry about a rug pull】 is such a huge advantage—I think especially all Crypto people understand this.
Stablecoins were once almost on the verge of being overtaken by CBDCs. In any country, if a central bank digital currency really exists, it is highly likely not built on a blockchain, at most it is built on some internal central bank consortium chain, which to be honest, is meaningless.
When CBDCs were at their peak, that was the most dangerous time for stablecoins.
If CBDCs had become a reality back then, stablecoins today would have been relentlessly suppressed into a dark corner, and blockchain would only be able to play a minimal role.
The remaining half-dead stablecoins would even have to learn the standards of central bank digital currencies, completely relinquishing their standard-setting power.
And now, stablecoins have won (or are about to).
Instead, everyone should learn the 【Blockchain + Token】 standard.
Nowadays, many blockchains actually have no meaningful applications on top, only stablecoin transfers. For example, with Aptos, the only scenario I use Aptos for is transfers between Binance and OKX.
And now, stablecoins will be legislated, what does that mean?
That's right, blockchain will become the only standard.
In the future, every stablecoin user will be the first to learn how to use a wallet.
As an aside, I actually think Ethereum's concerted push for EIP-7702 is quite forward-thinking. While other chains are all about memes, thank you Ethereum for sticking to account abstraction.
EIP-7702 is about Account Abstraction, which can support, for example:
· Social Account Registration Wallet
· Paying GAS with Native Coin
· And more
This paves the way for future new users to heavily use stablecoins, solving the last-mile problem.
Furthermore, once stablecoins receive legislative support, deposits and withdrawals will become even easier.
Let's imagine a scenario: previously, hindered by the gray nature of stablecoins, but after the bill passes, many traditional brokerages can support stablecoins themselves. The money from a US stock investor can be converted into stablecoins in minutes and instantly deposited into Coinbase. Believe it or not.
Let's imagine another scenario: if the brilliant bill smoothly passes through the House of Representatives, next, you will see:
Due to the extremely lucrative nature of this trading, existing stablecoin leaders and newly entering traditional giants will crazily start promoting their stablecoin products.
And an outsider, due to these promotions, will start using stablecoins. And then one day, after finding out that the wallet account has been created, will explore Bitcoin inside. Is mining Bitcoin difficult?
Stablecoins are a huge Trojan horse. The moment you start using stablecoins, you unwittingly step half a foot into the Crypto world.
As a large reservoir for digesting US debt, although stablecoins cannot directly absorb debt, they at least provide ammunition for the US debt secondary market. These functions are quite important, and slowly, stablecoins are becoming a part of the US debt market's body. Therefore, once the US legislation is passed and experiences the benefits, there is no turning back.
And, we are also confident that stablecoins are indeed one of the great innovations in our industry. People who have used stablecoins will find it hard to return to the traditional cash-banking system.
Once the bill is passed, users can't go back. In the future, concerns are about to be resolved, standards will be mastered, and the era of large deposits seems to be on the horizon.
Original Article Link
Pharos, deeply integrated with AntChain, is about to launch. How can we get involved?
$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating
On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.
On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.
Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.
In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.
Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.
Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.
According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.
This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.
Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.
In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.
According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.
However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.
The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.
On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.
With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.
In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.
Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.
Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.
In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.
Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.
Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.
Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.
In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.
Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.
Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.
Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.
Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.
Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.
With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.
However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.
In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.
The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.
Arthur Hayes: Why I'm Betting on ETH While the Market Is Obsessed with SOL
Key Market Insights for May 16th, how much did you miss out on?
CryptoPunks Changes Hands Twice, Did the Originator of NFTs Finally Find Its "Forever Home" This Time?
MOG Coin Skyrockets as Elon Musk and Garry Tan Embrace "mog/acc" Identity
The End and Rebirth of NFTs: How the Meme Coin Craze Ended the PFP Era?
STARTUP's Price Surges 40x in 30 Minutes: How did he become the Emotion King of Believe?
Key Market Intelligence on May 14th, how much did you miss out on?
1.Binance Alpha Launches HIPPO, BLUE, and Other Tokens
2.Believe Ecosystem Tokens See General Rise, LAUNCHCOIN Surges Over 250% in 24 Hours
3.Tiger Securities Introduces Cryptocurrency Deposit and Withdrawal Service, Supports Mainstream Cryptocurrencies such as BTC and ETH
4.Current Bitcoin Rally Possibly Driven by Institutions, Retail Traders Yet to Join
5.Binance Wallet's New TGE Privasea AI Participation Requires a 198 Point Threshold, with a Point Consumption of 15
Source: Overheard on CT (tg: @overheardonct), Kaito
PUMP: Today's discussions about PUMP focus on its new creator revenue-sharing model: the platform will allocate 50% of PumpSwap revenue to token creators, sparking varied reactions from users. Some criticize the move as insufficient or even misleading, while others view it as a positive step the platform is taking to reward creators. Meanwhile, PUMP faces market pressure from emerging competitors like LetsBONKfun and Raydium, which are rapidly gaining market share. Users also express concerns about PUMP's sustainability and potential regulatory risks in the U.S., with discussions extending to the platform's impact on the entire memecoin ecosystem.
COINBASE: Today, Coinbase became the first crypto company to join the S&P 500 Index, replacing Discover Financial Services, sparking widespread industry attention. The entire crypto community views this milestone as a significant development, signaling that crypto assets are further integrating into the mainstream financial system. The news has sparked lively discussions on Twitter, with many users pointing out that this may attract more institutional investors to enter the Bitcoin and other cryptocurrency markets.
XRP: XRP became the focal point of today's crypto discussion, with its significant market movements and strategic advances drawing attention. XRP has surpassed USDT to become the third-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization, sparking market excitement and discussions about its future potential. The surge in market capitalization and price is believed to be related to increasing institutional interest, deepening strategic partnerships, and its role in the crypto ecosystem. Additionally, XRP's integration into multiple financial systems and its potential as a macro asset class are also seen as key factors driving the current market sentiment.
DYDX: Today's discussions about DYDX mainly focused on the dYdX Yapper Leaderboard launched by KaitoAI. The leaderboard aims to identify the most active community participants, with a total of $150,000 in rewards to be distributed over the first three seasons. This initiative has sparked broad community participation, with many users discussing the potential rewards and the incentive effect on the DYDX ecosystem. Meanwhile, progress on the ethDYDX to dYdX native chain migration and historical airdrop events have also been topics of discussion.
1. "What Is 'ICM'? Holding Up the $4 Billion Market Cap Solana's New Narrative"
Overnight, the hottest narrative in the crypto space has become "Internet Capital Markets," with a host of crypto projects and founders, led by the Solana ecosystem's new Launchpad platform Believe, releasing this phrase. Together with "Believe in something," it has become the new slogan heralding the onset of a bull market. What exactly is the so-called "Internet Capital Market," will it become a short-lived hype phrase like the Base ecosystem's previous Content Coin, and what related targets are available for selection?2.《LaunchCoin Surges 20x in One Day, How Did Believe Create a $200M Market Cap Shiba Inu After Going to Zero?|100x Retrospective》
LAUNCHCOIN broke through a $200 million market cap today, with the long-lost liquidity and such a high market cap "Memecoin" almost bringing half of the on-chain crypto community CT into the fray. The community is crazily discussing this token, with half of it being FOMO and the other half being FUD. This token, originally issued by Believe founder Ben Pasternak under his personal identity, transformed into a new platform token after a renaming. From once going to zero to a $200 million market cap, what happened in between?May 14 On-chain Fund Flow
Within 24 hours, GOONC's market cap soared to 70 million, could GOONC be the next billion-dollar dog on the Believe platform?
Bitcoin has broken $100,000, Ethereum has surpassed 2500, and is Solana's hot streak about to make a comeback?
The current market is in a state of macro euphoria, with GOONC riding the wave today, skyrocketing 10x in just a few hours, reaching a market cap of tens of millions of dollars, trading volume soaring past 50 million, and rumors swirling that the developer may be from OpenAI (unconfirmed but intriguing enough).
A ludicrous and absurd Solana meme that some actually buy into.
GOONC is a meme coin that has sprouted from the "gooning" subculture, offering no technological innovation or practical use, its sole function being speculation.
It takes inspiration from an NSFW term "gooning," which refers to a person being deeply immersed in certain content (you know what), eventually entering a nearly religious-like trance.
In Reddit (such as r/GOONED, r/GoonCaves) and some counterculture media outlets (such as MEL Magazine in 2020), "gooning" has gradually transitioned from an adult label to a meme-addicted, digital content and virtual self-indulgence synonym, arguably the epitome of Degen spirit.
GOONC is playing around with this concept, packaging the addictive nature, uselessness, and irony of gooning into a tradable financial product. The project team has made it clear: "We do not solve blockchain problems, we only trade absurdity." Blunt but oddly genuine.
GOONC launched on May 13, 2025, using the meme coin launch platform Believe App's LaunchCoin module on Solana. This tool is highly Degen: zero technical barriers, a few clicks to create a coin, perfect for projects like GOONC that can come up with ideas out of the blue.
The mastermind behind GOONC is also quite something and is the most talked-about, with KOL @basedalexandoor on X platform (alias "Pata van Goon") personally involved. His profile even caught the attention of Marc Andreessen, co-founder of a16z, making onlookers unable to resist speculating if GOONC has a hint of OpenAI lineage.
While this 'OpenAI Endorsement' is currently just community speculation, it is definitely a good card to play to fuel hype. Saying "we are pure speculation" on one hand, while tagging a few "AI + a16z" on the other.
GOONC took off as soon as it launched. After its launch on May 13, 2025, its market capitalization skyrocketed to $22 million within 4 hours, with a trading volume exceeding $25.6 million in 24 hours. According to platform data, the first day of trading saw an astonishing +41,100% surge, soaring from $0.0000001 to $0.02, becoming a "missed-the-boat" situation.
GOONC quickly formed an active trading community post-launch, with a lot of discussion and trading signals appearing on X platform (such as the 292x return signal provided by DeBot). Liquidity pools on exchanges like Raydium and Meteora grew rapidly, supporting high trading volumes and price increases.
The real climax occurred between May 13 and May 14, with the market cap rising to $5.5 million in the morning and directly surpassing $55 million in the afternoon. By the 14th, it briefly approached a $70 million market cap, with the trading volume soaring to $59 million. Some community members even posted screenshots claiming an increase of +85,000%, creating a new myth out of the ruins.
As of 1:30 pm on May 14, the price stabilized around $0.039, with a total market cap and FDV both around $39.6 million, and a 24-hour trading volume of $5.43 million. Active platforms include XT.COM, LBank, Meteora, and others.
Although there was a slight pullback from the peak ($0.07), the coin's popularity remains strong. For a coin that relies purely on "irony + community + X post" to thrive, this performance is already at a stellar level.
Currently, the background of the token's development team is not transparent, increasing the potential risk of a rug pull. Rugcheck.xyz warns that the creator of the GOONC contract may have permission to modify the contract (e.g., change fees or mint additional tokens), posing certain security risks.
Community members speculate that the meteoric rise of GOONC may be the "last hurrah".
After Surging 40%, Has Ethereum Price Peaked Upon Exiting the Craze?
Whether you are an insider or an outsider, these days you must be familiar with the news about Ethereum. The reason is simple, causing Ethereum enthusiasts to sigh with emotion and almost throwing off-guard those who defend Ethereum, Ethereum, with a "3-day surge of 40%," climbed to the top of the Douyin Hot List.
As we all know, Ethereum launched the Pectra upgrade on May 7th. This most significant network upgrade since early 2024 integrates the Prague execution layer hard fork and the Electra consensus layer upgrade, significantly improving Ethereum's performance through 11 improvement proposals. The account abstraction feature (EIP-7702) allows users to flexibly manage wallets through social media accounts or multi-signature schemes, reducing the user threshold, attracting more users and developers. The staking mechanism optimization increases the validator ETH cap from 32ETH to 2048ETH and introduces a flexible withdrawal method, making it easier for institutions and individuals to participate in network security, enhancing the market's confidence in Ethereum's long-term value.
At the same time, Pectra optimized the interaction efficiency of Layer 2 networks such as Arbitrum and Optimism, making transactions faster and cheaper, leading to a surge in on-chain activity. As a crucial step for Ethereum's transition from "2G" to "5G," the Pectra upgrade not only enhances network vitality but also "recharges confidence" in the market, directly driving the price increase.
Related Reading: "Ethereum Skyrockets 22% in One Day, E Enthusiasts Rejoice"
It's not just Ethereum itself, as Wall Street also brought important bullish news.
The world's largest asset management company, BlackRock, proposed to the SEC allowing Ethereum ETFs for staking. This proposal is expected to elevate Ethereum ETFs from a mere investment tool to a bond-like "interest-bearing asset," bringing investors both capital appreciation and passive income, igniting market optimism about Ethereum's future potential.
Specifically, BlackRock has proposed to amend its S-1 filing to allow investors to create and redeem ETF shares directly with Ethereum instead of the U.S. dollar (i.e., in-kind redemption). This move, combined with its $2.9 billion BUIDL Fund launched in March 2024, aims to deepen the integration of traditional finance with blockchain. The BUIDL Fund is a tokenized fund operating on the Ethereum network, investing in traditional assets such as U.S. Treasury bonds. This setup is highly attractive to institutional investors, as they can not only benefit from Ethereum's price appreciation but also earn stable cash flow through staking.
Robert Mitchnick, BlackRock's Head of Digital Assets, stated in a CNBC interview in March 2025 that the addition of staking functionality will significantly enhance the appeal of the Ethereum ETF. He admitted that when the Ethereum spot ETF was launched in July 2024 without staking functionality, the market demand was lackluster, and staking could be the key to reversing this trend.
Meanwhile, the SEC's shifting stance on cryptocurrency regulation has also fueled this upward trend. During the tenure of the previous SEC chairman, the regulatory approach was tough, and staking was strictly viewed through the Howey test as a potential unregistered security. Therefore, when approving the Ethereum spot ETF in May 2024, staking functionality was explicitly prohibited.
However, with Trump back in the White House and Paul Atkins taking over the SEC, there has been a noticeable relaxation in crypto regulation. Apart from BlackRock, ETF issuers such as Invesco Galaxy, VanEck, WisdomTree, and 21Shares have also submitted applications for similar staking and in-kind redemption.
Related reading: "New Chairman Takes Office, SEC Transforms into 'Crypto Daddy' Within 48 Hours"
If staking ETFs are approved, the benefits are likely to go beyond price appreciation. The introduction of staking functionality could redefine the role of crypto assets, making them more similar to traditional financial products that provide returns and value appreciation, thereby driving Ethereum closer to mainstream finance.
Currently, the SEC still needs to address several decisions related to crypto ETFs, including whether to approve ETFs for Solana, XRP, Litecoin, and even Dogecoin. With the calls for an "altcoin season" growing louder, Ethereum's strong performance may just be the beginning of a larger crypto market frenzy.
In addition, the Trump family-related DeFi project WLFI is also bullish on this wave of rise, with frequent on-chain activities. According to on-chain data analyst @ai_9684xtpa's monitoring, a WLFI-related address is currently borrowing coins to go long on ETH, borrowing 4 million U from Aave to buy 1590 ETH at an average price of $2515 per ETH.
For this epic surge of Ethereum after half a year of silence, the community has indeed gained more confidence and hope, which has also led to a revival of the entire altcoin market. However, amidst the joy, there are also voices of pessimism. Below is a summary conducted by BlockBeats based on community discussions.
The optimists point out that the current market structure is similar to the eve of the bull markets in 2016 and 2020, predicting a life-changing surge in the next 3-6 months, where some altcoins may even achieve astonishing single-day gains of up to 40%.
@liuwei16602825 stated that this surge signifies the return of the bull market as a sure thing. There is no need to worry about a pullback. The driving force behind the surge uses a high-cost isolated operation, fearing a drop more than any retail investor and will definitely do everything to support the price.
Related Reading: "Ethereum Leads the Surge Triggering the 'Altcoin Season' Speculation, How Do Traders View the Future Market?"
The bears mainly believe that this surge is different from the bull market of 2021, as the current market lacks the confidence of large-scale retail investors entering and holding positions for the long term, with funds rotating too quickly.
@market_beggar observed that a Bitfinex E/B whale has started to close positions and believes that if this whale maintains its high-speed position-closing operation for the next few days, it can be inferred that the whale no longer sees the upside potential of ETH, preparing to take profits and exit. The closing time will be a key focus going forward.
@FLS_OTC stated that there are still many uncertainties at the macro level, and the liquidity cannot support a major bull market. At this stage, it is a "last hurrah," not a complete reversal, and will continue to remain in a short position.
@off_thetarget believes that after ETH transitioned from POW to POS, it lost the "gold standard" of mining machine power cost support. The staking economic model led to a breakdown in value anchoring. Additionally, the L2 ecosystem (such as Starknet, zkSync, etc.) suffered from liquidity fragmentation, failing to establish an effective capital inflow mechanism, causing the collapse of the split disc pattern. Furthermore, the ETH community's excessive pursuit of technical narratives divorced from real-world needs resulted in a weak ecosystem growth. Therefore, he believes that ETH's intrinsic value system has crumbled, and the price is bound to plummet to the 800-1200 range, with a decisive short position at 1800.
@Airdrop_Guard, based on the core logic of the "High Probability Trading Strategy," where three sets of underlying logic different trading systems (such as volume depletion, price supply-demand, long/short position funding rate, etc.) simultaneously issue a short signal at the same point (2580), creating a high-probability trading opportunity. He emphasizes that these systems must be based on different algorithms and logics (rather than mere technical indicator overlays). The current ETH trend aligns with the short conditions in multiple independent dimensions of his trading system, hence the decision to short.
Overall, Bitcoin still maintains over 54% market dominance, and institutional funds' continued preference for it may limit the altcoin's upward potential. The market's future direction will depend on multiple factors, such as Bitcoin's price trend, global macroeconomic conditions, and whether funds can effectively rotate from Bitcoin to the altcoin sector.
Although Ethereum's recent leadership in the market has brought about optimistic sentiment, investors still need to remain rational as different sectors of altcoins are likely to show divergence in trends. Whether this round of Ethereum's rise will usher in a true altcoin frenzy may require more time and conducive conditions.
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Binance Sparks "Delist Concept": Can CEX Still Produce the Next ALPACA?
On April 24, Binance announced that it would delist four tokens, including Alpaca Finance ($ALPACA), on May 2, and cease trading of these pairs' perpetual futures contracts at 00:00 on May 1, 2025, Beijing time. Fast forward to the last day of perpetual futures trading delisting, ALPACA surged on the liquidation heat map. Over the past 24 hours, a total of $52.21 million evaporated in ALPACA's contract trading, exceeding the sum of the token's liquidation volume over the past two years.
Historically, when a token is listed on Binance, many traders would buy the news instantly ("Buy the News"). As the Binance listing effect gradually waned, traders found another path, which is to short sell the tokens set to be delisted from Binance ("Sell the News"). This strategy often has a very high success rate. However, as traders followed this path, they encountered the Alpaca on their short-selling journey.
Every thrilling market manipulation game requires careful preparation. Before Binance's official announcement, on April 10, $ALPACA was ranked 7th in the preliminary list of the second batch of "Vote for Delisting" on Binance, causing its price to plummet almost by half. However, in the five days leading up to Binance's official announcement, from April 19 to April 23, trading volume suddenly surged.
The story traces back to the start of Binance's second round of "Vote for Delisting," where ALPACA was included in the delisting candidates list, ranked 7th among 17 projects. After the completion of Binance's delisting vote count, $ALPACA was included in the projects to be delisted. The market did not react significantly, price fluctuations were not substantial, but trading volumes expanded abnormally, suggesting the entry of "manipulative funds" into the community.
On April 24, Binance officially announced the delisting of the $ALPACA spot trading pair on May 2 and the settlement of the futures contracts on April 30. Following the announcement, the spot price of $ALPACA dropped from $0.0329 to $0.029, with a market cap of only about $5 million. However, what followed were two price "rollercoaster" moments; within an hour, the price surged from $0.029 to $0.0857, an increase of about 195%, only to rapidly drop back to $0.04 within 3 hours. Shorts were caught off guard, and the open interest of contracts surged rapidly, initiating the "long and short grinder" mode.
On April 25, Alpaca Finance officially announced that the trading volume in the past 24 hours had exceeded 1 billion tokens. The liquidity provider had suggested a "minting for stability" to be returned to the treasury after a decrease in trading volume. However, as public opinion began to ferment, opposition filled the community. Alpaca Finance deleted the previous tweet and posted a new one at 9 p.m. on the same night, announcing the cancellation of the minting due to community opposition.
On April 26, Binance amended the contract funding rate rules, shortening the maximum rate cap settlement period to hourly and setting it at up to ±2%. Some high-leverage accounts continued to hold short positions against the high rate and were liquidated. Millions of dollars disappeared within a few hours, with $13 million in short positions vanishing on a token with a market cap of less than $30 million.
With the establishment of this short-selling trend, the price skyrocketed nearly 12 times from a low of $0.029 to $0.3477 within 3 days. The contract's open interest surged significantly, especially with a notable increase in short positions, resembling a microcosm of the Wall Street battle of GME's retail investors. However, this time, the retail investors' opponents could continue to mint additional chips.
From April 26 to April 29, these days were relatively calm, with the price fluctuating around $0.2 to $0.34. On April 29, Binance announced another increase in the rate cap to ±4%. Theoretically, such a high rate would severely impact short positions. If the rate remains at -4%, the bears will face a 96% "cost of ruin" after holding a short position for 24 hours. However, miraculously, the price plummeted from $0.27 to $0.067.
On April 30, with the contract delisting and liquidation scheduled in the final 24 hours, the price continued to experience intense fluctuations. ALPACA's attention peaked, with its highest price reaching $1.2 at one point. From a week before the delisting announcement to the eve of the contract delisting, ALPACA's price surged 40 times, creating an independent market for the token delisted by Binance. The total liquidation volume across the network also reached $50 million, with $42 million in "bearish fuel" beneath the price surge.
After the first surge of ALPACA, Heyi, the co-founder of Binance, replied to a netizen asking, "Can the teacher who buys the shell guarantee breakeven?" This has also triggered endless speculation among community members.
KOL Tunbtc believes that Heyi's reply to this matter was the starting point of ALPACA's surge. "The large holders of Alpaca's native token, by transferring spot chips, operating rights, and distribution rights, have pledged allegiance to Binance's deep-water core interest circle, allowing it to fully harvest market liquidity before delisting, slaughtering opposing positions." Through a triple path of fees, contract liquidations, and spot volatility, they converted user attention into profits.
He also called on Binance to thoroughly investigate this matter, clarify which market maker is manipulating the candlestick patterns, as ALPACA saw an 18x surge within 24 hours with users liquidated of tens of millions of dollars, while previously GPS's 500% surge was promptly halted, and expressed his sentiment: "All of this is thought-provoking."
Wenze, the founder of Beta Capital, believes that bypassing the regular listing process, buying shells, renaming, and restarting has crossed Binance's bottom line of maintaining listing credibility and brand compliance. Binance sometimes has a high tolerance for market fluctuations, and the OM issuance only adjusts the collateralization ratio, with many projects only allowed for leveraged trading. However, once the project, such as these "shell projects," is identified, it is easily labeled for observation, triggering a vote for delisting, ultimately leading to delisting rather than using mild measures.
Renowned KOL Rui, "YeruiZhang," likened the ALPACA incident to "crazy revenge on an ex" and shared a piece of insider information, claiming that the original whale behind ALPACA was a team that controlled BSC's MEV for a period of time and expressed dissatisfaction with Binance's current management for some reason. The comments section is rampant with speculation that it is BSC's whale 48CLUB, and 48CLUB's Ian even personally appeared to eat "his own melon."
With the recent buzz around VOXEL's surge and the wealth effect and discussion surrounding ALPACA, more and more "delisting concepts" have emerged. This concept does not necessarily refer to tokens that have already been delisted but rather shares some common characteristics of delisted tokens.
Famous KOL Chuanmo recently shared on Twitter his logic for choosing concept tokens and listed several tokens, all of which experienced varying degrees of price increase after his recommendation.
His "Concept Delisting" strategy involves selecting low-cap tokens from Bybit and Binance, arranging them by market cap from lowest to highest, with almost 100% price increase for the tokens with the highest holdings/circulating market cap. He buys three tokens daily following this order with a fixed amount, and based on the holdings/circulating supply ratio, he removes tokens that no longer meet the criteria daily and continues to buy the new top three tokens.
Many community members have tested this strategy, with some creating helpful tools. The dreamer Disney "discountifu" has created a dashboard, and Vivek10 early bird "vivekw_eth" has developed a monitoring and alert system that can be directly pushed to WeChat with a copyable link, although it is currently deployed locally and not yet entirely stable.
However, when using tools created for free by community members, please be cautious. While there are many enthusiastic contributors in the community, there are also many uncertain factors in this dark forest.
In an increasingly insular market, retail investors not only have to contend with whales and other retail investors but also must bear many unstable elements. The recent ALPACA incident serves as a warning to us. Whether it's a primary or secondary listing on a top-tier exchange or the "Concept Delisting" approach, we need to make rational asset allocations amidst FOMO to protect our principal and reach the other shore.
The mention of all tokens above does not constitute financial investment advice "NFA".
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Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Infrastructure Bill'
If the US stablecoin bill, the "GENIUS Act," passes smoothly this time, its significance will be tremendous. I even think it's significant enough to enter the top five in Crypto history.
Although abbreviated as the GENIUS Act, which translates directly to the Genius Act, it is actually the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins, which translates to "Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Dollar Stablecoins."
The proposal is lengthy, with several key points summarized for everyone:
· Mandatory 1:1 Full Asset Backing: Assets include cash, demand deposits, and short-term US Treasuries. At the same time, misappropriation and rehypothecation are strictly prohibited.
· High-Frequency Disclosure: Reserve reports must be published at least monthly, introducing external audits.
· Licensing Requirement: Once the circulating market cap of the issuer's stablecoin exceeds $100 billion, it must transition into the federal regulatory system within a specified timeframe, adopting banking-grade regulation.
· Introduction of Custody: The custodian of the stablecoin and its reserve assets must be a regulated qualified financial institution.
· Clear Definition as a Payment Medium: The bill explicitly defines stablecoin as a new type of payment medium, primarily regulated by the banking regulatory system, rather than restricted by the securities or commodities regulatory system.
· Embracing Existing Stablecoins: A maximum 18-month grace period after the bill's enactment, aimed at encouraging existing stablecoin issuers (such as USDT, USDC, etc.) to promptly obtain licenses or become compliant.
After finishing the main content, let's talk about the significance of this matter with an excited heart.
Over the years, when others asked, "After working in the Crypto industry for 16 years, what application have you created?"
In the future, you can confidently tell others—Stablecoins.
Some people have held opposing views. In the past, people's impression of stablecoins was that they were an opaque black box. Every few months, there would be FUD — whether Tether's assets were frozen or Circle had a significant black hole deficit.
In fact, if you think about it, Tether easily rakes in billions of dollars a year just from the interest on those underlying government bonds. Circle, slightly less, also made a $1.7 billion profit last year.
They basically made money while standing there. From a motivational standpoint, they have no malicious intentions. In fact, they are the most eager for compliance.
Now, this opaque black box will become a transparent white box.
In the past, the only complaint was that Tether's funds might have been frozen by the United States. Now, they will be directly placed into U.S. compliant custodial institutions, with high-frequency disclosures, so you can rest assured.
【No need to worry about a rug pull】 is such a huge advantage—I think especially all Crypto people understand this.
Stablecoins were once almost on the verge of being overtaken by CBDCs. In any country, if a central bank digital currency really exists, it is highly likely not built on a blockchain, at most it is built on some internal central bank consortium chain, which to be honest, is meaningless.
When CBDCs were at their peak, that was the most dangerous time for stablecoins.
If CBDCs had become a reality back then, stablecoins today would have been relentlessly suppressed into a dark corner, and blockchain would only be able to play a minimal role.
The remaining half-dead stablecoins would even have to learn the standards of central bank digital currencies, completely relinquishing their standard-setting power.
And now, stablecoins have won (or are about to).
Instead, everyone should learn the 【Blockchain + Token】 standard.
Nowadays, many blockchains actually have no meaningful applications on top, only stablecoin transfers. For example, with Aptos, the only scenario I use Aptos for is transfers between Binance and OKX.
And now, stablecoins will be legislated, what does that mean?
That's right, blockchain will become the only standard.
In the future, every stablecoin user will be the first to learn how to use a wallet.
As an aside, I actually think Ethereum's concerted push for EIP-7702 is quite forward-thinking. While other chains are all about memes, thank you Ethereum for sticking to account abstraction.
EIP-7702 is about Account Abstraction, which can support, for example:
· Social Account Registration Wallet
· Paying GAS with Native Coin
· And more
This paves the way for future new users to heavily use stablecoins, solving the last-mile problem.
Furthermore, once stablecoins receive legislative support, deposits and withdrawals will become even easier.
Let's imagine a scenario: previously, hindered by the gray nature of stablecoins, but after the bill passes, many traditional brokerages can support stablecoins themselves. The money from a US stock investor can be converted into stablecoins in minutes and instantly deposited into Coinbase. Believe it or not.
Let's imagine another scenario: if the brilliant bill smoothly passes through the House of Representatives, next, you will see:
Due to the extremely lucrative nature of this trading, existing stablecoin leaders and newly entering traditional giants will crazily start promoting their stablecoin products.
And an outsider, due to these promotions, will start using stablecoins. And then one day, after finding out that the wallet account has been created, will explore Bitcoin inside. Is mining Bitcoin difficult?
Stablecoins are a huge Trojan horse. The moment you start using stablecoins, you unwittingly step half a foot into the Crypto world.
As a large reservoir for digesting US debt, although stablecoins cannot directly absorb debt, they at least provide ammunition for the US debt secondary market. These functions are quite important, and slowly, stablecoins are becoming a part of the US debt market's body. Therefore, once the US legislation is passed and experiences the benefits, there is no turning back.
And, we are also confident that stablecoins are indeed one of the great innovations in our industry. People who have used stablecoins will find it hard to return to the traditional cash-banking system.
Once the bill is passed, users can't go back. In the future, concerns are about to be resolved, standards will be mastered, and the era of large deposits seems to be on the horizon.
Original Article Link
Pharos, deeply integrated with AntChain, is about to launch. How can we get involved?
$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating
On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.
On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.
Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.
In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.
Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.
Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.
According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.
This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.
Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.
In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.
According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.
However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.
The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.
On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.
With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.
In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.
Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.
Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.
In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.
Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.
Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.
Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.
In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.
Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.
Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.
Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.
Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.
Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.
With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.
However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.
In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.
The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.
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