Digging Deeper into the White House Crypto Summit: Who Occupied the 25 Mystery Seats?

By: blockbeats|2025/03/05 04:15:02
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Original Article Title: "Deep Dive into the White House Crypto Summit, Who Occupies the 25 Mystery Seats?"
Original Article Author: angelilu, Foresight News

American AI and cryptocurrency guru David Sacks tweeted on March 1 to confirm that the White House will host its first crypto summit on March 7, with U.S. President Trump personally participating and delivering a speech. Just the title "White House First Crypto Summit" is enough to stir waves in the crypto industry, followed by U.S. President Trump's announcement the next day (March 2) to establish a "crypto strategic reserve," mentioning the inclusion of XRP, SOL, and ADA in the reserve, and then adding that other top cryptocurrencies such as BTC and ETH will also be included in the reserve.

Digging Deeper into the White House Crypto Summit: Who Occupied the 25 Mystery Seats?

As people were eager to learn more, David Sacks spoke again, stating that more information related to establishing the crypto strategic reserve will be revealed at the summit on March 7.

The Predecessor of the Summit Was the "Crypto Advisory Council"

Although there is not much official information available about the summit, currently only a screenshot of an unpublished White House document by David Sacks, there are many rumors around.

FOX Business reporter Eleanor Terrett revealed that the White House crypto summit on Friday will be the first of a series of meetings, replacing the previously highly-anticipated "Crypto Advisory Council," as a way for the President's Digital Asset Working Group to collaborate with the industry to develop policies, and has already finalized 25 invited guests.

It is worth noting that even before the presidential inauguration, executives in the crypto industry were already vying for these precious "Crypto Advisory Council" seats. The committee is tasked with drafting legislation, establishing a Bitcoin reserve, and promoting regulatory clarity among other critical missions. Reports indicate that the committee was originally planned to consist of around 24 CEOs and founders from the crypto industry, but the official list has not yet been released. According to Bloomberg's previous report, founders of major U.S. crypto projects have been vigorously seeking selection opportunities through various networks. However, the 25 seats evidently cannot satisfy the industry leaders' ambitions. In mid-February, insiders revealed that Trump is considering replacing the original Crypto Advisory Council concept with an informal industry summit and may convert the fixed seats into rotating seats.

Interestingly, the initially rumored guest list for this crypto summit was also around 25 people. The invited representatives are highly likely to be the first to receive core intelligence such as the U.S. cryptocurrency strategic reserve asset selection criteria, indicating that the probability of digital assets associated with these representatives being included in the national strategic reserve will significantly increase. Industry analysts have pointed out that, besides Bitcoin, assets in the U.S. government's cryptocurrency strategic reserve are likely to be purchased through the open market, undoubtedly providing significant boost to the related assets.

Who Will Attend?

In addition to the explicitly mentioned figures on the list such as U.S. President Trump, AI and cryptocurrency czar David Sacks, and Cryptocurrency Task Force Executive Director Bo Hines, sources say political figures attending the summit also include U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick, New York Attorney General Letitia James, U.S. Attorney General Pam Bondi, and SEC Chairman Paul Atkins.

Aside from politicians, who are the industry figures that the crypto industry is more concerned about participating in this summit?

While the specific list has not been publicly disclosed, based on current information and recent developments, we can speculate on several potential key participants.

Firstly, over the past few hours, several industry leaders have confirmed their attendance at this summit (of course, not without community shills following the same template text trend). Moreover, a speculative basis can be built on Bloomberg's reporting where most likely appointees in the "cryptocurrency advisory council" have already established relations with Trump and met him in the past few months, which is a further key basis for speculation.

Nailed Down

Brad Garlinghouse (Ripple CEO)

Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse was among the first to hint at his presence on the guest list in a tweet. He retweeted David Sacks' tweet and stated that he would be in Washington at the time of the summit.

Looking back, the connection between Trump and Ripple can be traced back to December last year when Ripple donated $5 million worth of XRP to Trump's inauguration ceremony. Subsequently, Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse and Ripple's Chief Legal Officer Stu Alderoty were seen dining with the President at Mar-a-Lago.

In addition, in February of this year, Trump shared an article about Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse published by CoinDesk on Truth Social, which also triggered XRP price volatility. In March, XRP was included in the U.S. cryptocurrency reserve asset.

Matt Huang (Paradigm Co-founder)

Another confirmed attendee is Paradigm co-founder Matt Huang, who tweeted on March 5th confirming his attendance at Friday's White House Digital Asset Summit and thanking President Trump for the invitation. He expressed looking forward to discussing topics such as how the U.S. can lead in promoting open crypto principles and support builders in ecosystems like Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana.

Kyle Samani (Multicoin Capital Managing Partner)

Multicoin Capital Managing Partner Kyle Samani also confirmed his attendance at the summit in a tweet.

Michael Saylor (MicroStrategy Founder)

Michael Saylor tweeted confirming his attendance.

David Bailey (Bitcoin Magazine)

Bitcoin Magazine CEO David Bailey retweeted Michael Saylor's tweet with the caption "See you there," implying his attendance at the summit as well.

Jp Richardson (Exodus CEO)

Cryptocurrency wallet provider Exodus CEO Jp Richardson tweeted confirming his attendance at this Friday's Digital Asset Summit and mentioned a possible discussion on self-custody. Previously, Exodus had also considered Trump's election donations.

Zach Witkoff (World Liberty Fund Co-founder)

Zach Witkoff confirmed in a tweet that he will be attending the White House Digital Asset Summit on Friday.

Possible Attendees?

Charles Hoskinson (Cardano Founder)

Hoskinson had previously indicated through his personal podcast that he has been involved in shaping U.S. crypto policy and hinted in February that he would be meeting with a "big shot." Additionally, ADA has been included in the U.S. cryptocurrency reserve asset.

Hoskinson's remarks suggest he may also attend this summit. After raising questions in the community about why ADA was included in the reserve, he stated on March 2, "There will be no appointments to any role in the administration involving cryptocurrency tonight. The legislation process is just that. It takes time and energy; before I get clear and concrete information about the legislative process, I won't comment on this topic again to formulate new laws so the industry can survive and thrive in the United States."

Jeremy Allaire (Circle CEO)

Circle also donated to Trump's inaugural fund, and as the issuer of USDC, Circle plays a key role in the stablecoin space. Its CEO, Jeremy Allaire, may speak at the summit, especially considering that stablecoins may become a significant part of U.S. regulation.

Brian Armstrong (Coinbase CEO)

Prior to Trump's presidency, insiders suggested that Trump had a private meeting with Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong, who had mentioned Trump's strong interest in strategic Bitcoin reserves.

Coinbase has been actively engaged in U.S. cryptocurrency policy discussions. Brian Armstrong has met with U.S. congressmen and regulators multiple times, publicly calling for a sensible cryptocurrency regulatory framework. Furthermore, Coinbase has recently shown strong determination in facing a legal challenge from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), advocating for regulatory clarity.

Kris Marszalek (Crypto.com CEO)

Crypto.com CEO Kris Marszalek has also posted a photo with Trump, and the tweet is still pinned to his profile. Crypto.com has donated $1 million to Trump's inauguration committee. So it is not difficult to suspect that Kris Marszalek is also on the list.

Nathan Allman (Ondo Finance CEO)

Ondo is also a crypto project that has donated to Trump's inauguration committee, and the Trump family's crypto project WLFI has bought Ondo's ONDO tokens. Nathan Allman supports the approach of the U.S. cryptocurrency strategic reserve, stating, "As a U.S.-based blockchain company, we believe that President Trump's establishment of a U.S. strategic cryptocurrency reserve is a key step towards U.S. leadership in digital assets."

Sergey Nazarov (Chainlink Co-Founder)

Sergey Nazarov's latest tweets indicate that he is in Washington, D.C., and has been in close contact with government officials in the last week of February.

Stuart Alderoty (Ripple Chief Legal Officer)

It is currently unclear whether a company or entity has only one slot, and Ripple's Chief Legal Officer Stuart Alderoty cannot confirm whether he is on the invited list. Although he has taken a photo with Trump alongside Brad Garlinghouse and has over 30 years of legal experience, Stuart Alderoty has not recently posted any updates related to the summit on his X account.

Joseph Lubin (Consensys Founder)

Ethereum co-founder and Consensys founder Joseph Lubin, while not commenting much on the upcoming summit, responded to the news of Trump establishing a cryptocurrency reserve, stating, "Myself and colleagues from Consensys spent significant time in Washington, D.C., before and after the November 5 election. The Trump administration is very aware of Ethereum’s position, maturity, and capabilities. The Trump family is very excited about building many businesses on Ethereum."

In addition, Eleanor Terrett has confirmed on X that the guest list will be smaller than previously expected as this summit will include other members of the Presidential Digital Asset Working Group. However, there are plans for a larger-scale, invitation-only reception across the street from the White House for those not invited to the roundtable. The potential list of attendees also includes:

Furthermore, the community speculates that Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev, Kraken CEO Arjun Sethi, and Cathie Wood may attend the summit, although no concrete clues have been found.

Summary

As one of the key industry events launched by the Trump administration, this summit will have a profound impact on the development of cryptocurrency in the United States and globally.

During the summit preparation phase, when it was still referred to as the "Crypto Advisory Council," insiders revealed that the agenda would include core areas such as digital payment innovation, cryptocurrency data center construction, and Bitcoin mining industry planning.

There are also community rumors that the Trump administration plans to introduce a zero capital gains tax policy, exempting gains from holding cryptocurrency for over a year from taxation.

Industry experts widely predict that this summit will delve into several key topics: first, establish a U.S. cryptocurrency strategic reserve, which is crucial not only for national digital asset security but also significant value appreciation for selected assets; second, clarify regulatory frameworks to provide a stable and predictable environment for industry development; third, promote institutional-level adoption to drive cryptocurrency into the mainstream financial system; finally, address some controversial regulatory policies to ensure the healthy growth of the industry.

In addition, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is actively preparing a series of special seminars, with the first one scheduled for March 21 at the SEC headquarters in Washington, D.C., focusing on the foundational issue of "defining the state of security."

Original Article Link

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Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Infrastructure Bill'

Original Title: "Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Genius Act'"Original Author: 0xTodd, Partner at Nothing Research


If the US stablecoin bill, the "GENIUS Act," passes smoothly this time, its significance will be tremendous. I even think it's significant enough to enter the top five in Crypto history.



Although abbreviated as the GENIUS Act, which translates directly to the Genius Act, it is actually the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins, which translates to "Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Dollar Stablecoins."


The proposal is lengthy, with several key points summarized for everyone:


· Mandatory 1:1 Full Asset Backing: Assets include cash, demand deposits, and short-term US Treasuries. At the same time, misappropriation and rehypothecation are strictly prohibited.


· High-Frequency Disclosure: Reserve reports must be published at least monthly, introducing external audits.


· Licensing Requirement: Once the circulating market cap of the issuer's stablecoin exceeds $100 billion, it must transition into the federal regulatory system within a specified timeframe, adopting banking-grade regulation.


· Introduction of Custody: The custodian of the stablecoin and its reserve assets must be a regulated qualified financial institution.


· Clear Definition as a Payment Medium: The bill explicitly defines stablecoin as a new type of payment medium, primarily regulated by the banking regulatory system, rather than restricted by the securities or commodities regulatory system.


· Embracing Existing Stablecoins: A maximum 18-month grace period after the bill's enactment, aimed at encouraging existing stablecoin issuers (such as USDT, USDC, etc.) to promptly obtain licenses or become compliant.


After finishing the main content, let's talk about the significance of this matter with an excited heart.


Over the years, when others asked, "After working in the Crypto industry for 16 years, what application have you created?"


In the future, you can confidently tell others—Stablecoins.


First, Clearing Concerns is a Prerequisite


Some people have held opposing views. In the past, people's impression of stablecoins was that they were an opaque black box. Every few months, there would be FUD — whether Tether's assets were frozen or Circle had a significant black hole deficit.


In fact, if you think about it, Tether easily rakes in billions of dollars a year just from the interest on those underlying government bonds. Circle, slightly less, also made a $1.7 billion profit last year.


They basically made money while standing there. From a motivational standpoint, they have no malicious intentions. In fact, they are the most eager for compliance.


Now, this opaque black box will become a transparent white box.


In the past, the only complaint was that Tether's funds might have been frozen by the United States. Now, they will be directly placed into U.S. compliant custodial institutions, with high-frequency disclosures, so you can rest assured.


【No need to worry about a rug pull】 is such a huge advantage—I think especially all Crypto people understand this.


Second, Mastering the Standard is Very Important


Stablecoins were once almost on the verge of being overtaken by CBDCs. In any country, if a central bank digital currency really exists, it is highly likely not built on a blockchain, at most it is built on some internal central bank consortium chain, which to be honest, is meaningless.


When CBDCs were at their peak, that was the most dangerous time for stablecoins.


If CBDCs had become a reality back then, stablecoins today would have been relentlessly suppressed into a dark corner, and blockchain would only be able to play a minimal role.


The remaining half-dead stablecoins would even have to learn the standards of central bank digital currencies, completely relinquishing their standard-setting power.


And now, stablecoins have won (or are about to).


Instead, everyone should learn the 【Blockchain + Token】 standard.


Nowadays, many blockchains actually have no meaningful applications on top, only stablecoin transfers. For example, with Aptos, the only scenario I use Aptos for is transfers between Binance and OKX.


And now, stablecoins will be legislated, what does that mean?


That's right, blockchain will become the only standard.


In the future, every stablecoin user will be the first to learn how to use a wallet.


As an aside, I actually think Ethereum's concerted push for EIP-7702 is quite forward-thinking. While other chains are all about memes, thank you Ethereum for sticking to account abstraction.



EIP-7702 is about Account Abstraction, which can support, for example:


· Social Account Registration Wallet

· Paying GAS with Native Coin

· And more


This paves the way for future new users to heavily use stablecoins, solving the last-mile problem.


Third, Deposit Enters a New Era


Furthermore, once stablecoins receive legislative support, deposits and withdrawals will become even easier.


Let's imagine a scenario: previously, hindered by the gray nature of stablecoins, but after the bill passes, many traditional brokerages can support stablecoins themselves. The money from a US stock investor can be converted into stablecoins in minutes and instantly deposited into Coinbase. Believe it or not.



Let's imagine another scenario: if the brilliant bill smoothly passes through the House of Representatives, next, you will see:


Due to the extremely lucrative nature of this trading, existing stablecoin leaders and newly entering traditional giants will crazily start promoting their stablecoin products.


And an outsider, due to these promotions, will start using stablecoins. And then one day, after finding out that the wallet account has been created, will explore Bitcoin inside. Is mining Bitcoin difficult?


Stablecoins are a huge Trojan horse. The moment you start using stablecoins, you unwittingly step half a foot into the Crypto world.


Fourth, Conclusion


As a large reservoir for digesting US debt, although stablecoins cannot directly absorb debt, they at least provide ammunition for the US debt secondary market. These functions are quite important, and slowly, stablecoins are becoming a part of the US debt market's body. Therefore, once the US legislation is passed and experiences the benefits, there is no turning back.


And, we are also confident that stablecoins are indeed one of the great innovations in our industry. People who have used stablecoins will find it hard to return to the traditional cash-banking system.


Once the bill is passed, users can't go back. In the future, concerns are about to be resolved, standards will be mastered, and the era of large deposits seems to be on the horizon.


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$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating

On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.



On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.


Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.


In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.


Side Effects of ETFs


Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.



Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.


According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.


This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.


Chart showing the trend of net outflows for Grayscale among the 11 institutions


Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.



In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.


According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.



However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.


The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.


Robinhood Takes a Stand, Traditional Brokerages Join the Fray


On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.



With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.


In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.



Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.



Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.



User Data Breach: Is Coinbase Still Secure?


In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.


Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.


Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.


Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.


Visualization: ChatGPT, Source: Farside


In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.


Visualization: ChatGPT


Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.


CEXs are All in Self-Rescue Mode


Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.



Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.


Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.



Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.


With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.


However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.


In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.


The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.


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