Bull Comeback Speedrun? The Next Investment Opportunity for Crypto AI

By: blockbeats|2025/04/23 06:45:03
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Original Article Title: The Next Crypto AI Meta
Original Article Author: @Defi0xJeff, CEO of @steak_studio
Original Article Translation: zhouzhou, BlockBeats

Editor's Note: This article discusses investment opportunities in Crypto AI Agents and DeAI Infrastructure. The liquidity of the AI Agent ecosystem is poor and volatile, while the Bittensor ecosystem has better liquidity and greater stability. DeAI infrastructure is underestimated and has enormous potential. Combining agent and infrastructure market promotion can bring new workflows and investment opportunities.

The following is the original content (slightly reorganized for better readability):

Since Trump took office, crypto investing has become noticeably more challenging. The overall uncertainty has led funds to flow into "safe-haven assets" rather than riskier assets.

The world is closely watching the escalating tariff situation. The crypto market is certainly no exception—although BTC has shown some strength, Fartcoin has performed even more robustly, almost steamrolling everything else.

Everything Else is Struggling

Aside from these two assets, other projects (I mean literally all projects) are all struggling—once-dominant Crypto AI sectors have plummeted significantly, with the overall market cap currently around $60 billion. DeFi hasn't fared much better, with on-chain TVL evaporating over $500 billion, funds are leaving the crypto market, moving to other safer assets.

So What Should We Invest In?

This raises the key question: during market turbulence, how should we invest and in what should we invest?

Most people I know might say to go to Berachain, Sonic, and other on-chain yield farms, which is fine. But for me, there are actually opportunities with a higher risk/reward ratio (R/R) now, especially worth considering during market volatility.

In my opinion, the most asymmetric opportunity right now (meaning enormous potential but not fully priced by the market) lies at the intersection of DeAI Infrastructure and AI Agents (which I will explain in detail later).

Stick to that old saying: "Be fearful when others are greedy, and be greedy when others are fearful." (Wait, I think I said it wrong) Yes, "Be fearful when others are greedy, and be greedy when others are fearful." That's right!

The Crypto AI Subdomains I'm Following

In my view, there are several subdomains within Crypto AI that are particularly worth paying attention to:

· Development Tools: including frameworks, Vibe coding tool, MCP infrastructure

· Decentralized AI Infrastructure: such as decentralized compute, verifiability, deployment methods, privacy preservation, storage, ownership, etc.

· Consumer-Facing AI: including AI agents, Alpha tools, games, DeFAI, GambleFAI, personalized/companion applications

(These are not all subdomains, but you should get the idea of the direction I'm referring to.)

Framework Trends

To illustrate trends in consumer AI / agents and development tools more specifically, I wrote a tweetstorm in March (originally intended to do it monthly, but the market pace didn't require monthly updates).

Bull Comeback Speedrun? The Next Investment Opportunity for Crypto AI

Frameworks used to have a high valuation, but things are different now. During the rally from October to November last year, the FDV (Fully Diluted Valuation) of various AI frameworks was pumped up. However, as developers realized that these "off-the-shelf frameworks" couldn't handle many complex tasks, and with large models being susceptible to prompt injection attacks in financial scenarios (not very secure), the market's demand for these frameworks started to cool off.

That being said, open-source frameworks and tools like @elizaOS (15.5k GitHub stars), @arcdotfun (3400 likes), @sendaifun (1200 likes) are still seeing steady growth. In just the past month, they have gained 434, 197, and 110 stars, respectively.

Why I Think Agent Distribution Networks Are More Important Than Frameworks

Frankly, I'm not personally that interested in frameworks themselves—because they don't inherently have much value accrual. In contrast, investing in an Agent Distribution Network or an Agent Hub is more intriguing because the value loop here is more transparent—such as the transaction volume generated by speculators or investors trading the AI Agent token can directly translate into transaction fee income.

Currently, @virtuals_io is leading the way in this regard. Although its daily transaction volume has dropped from 8 to 9 figures to 7 figures, it remains one of the most trusted ecosystems for developers, as well as one of the most diverse projects and innovative products in the Agent platform.

@elizaOS is starting to show promise. Especially with its Launchpad @autodotfun recently launched, it means the team now has a distribution channel that can directly bring value to the $ai16z token. @shawmakesmagic has also teased some interesting new features (not yet launched, but looking very promising):

To excel, it is essential to perfect the launch process for high-quality collaborative projects. If @elizaOS wants to truly distinguish itself from Virtuals, it must excel in the quality of its collaborative projects. Otherwise, it is easy to fall into the "low-quality projects + four to five-figure market cap" death spiral.

Stepping back a bit, the direction with the highest cost-effectiveness right now is not Agent or frameworks, but decentralized AI infrastructure (DeAI Infra). Why? If you have been in the AI Agent field for a while, you should be familiar with this evolutionary path: entertainment chat agent ➝ Alpha/tool-based agent ➝ transactional agent ➝ DeFAI abstraction layer ➝ other small narratives ➝ more intelligent context, multi-agent/swarm systems, etc.

Death spiral trap. The reason many teams cannot succeed is that their "agent products" fundamentally lack core AI capabilities—the only "intelligence" is prompting LLM to say something at a scheduled time. Although it is much better now than in the early days, most teams still heavily rely on LLM and off-the-shelf frameworks, and each round of narratives produces immature, out-of-touch products.

Just as many projects in the past forked mainstream DeFi protocols, had six months of hype, and then went back to zero, the result is: rely on token + agent to generate some buzz, attract attention, then no one uses it, attention drops, token drops, and falls into a "death spiral."

Agent teams need infrastructure; Infra teams also need Agent. However, these failed teams do have one strong suit: they know how to GTM (go-to-market), they know how to hype. So the question is—there are a bunch of Agent teams that know how to market, know how to build a community, but they don't have a real AI product; what should they do? The answer is: integrate the capabilities of professional AI models and DeAI infrastructure (inference networks, training platforms, etc.).

In contrast, DeAI Infra teams often lack expertise in GTM, are not crypto native, and don't understand how to engage with the community. So why not bring the two together?

I believe the real opportunity lies in the connection between "Deep AI Infrastructure × Viral-level Agent Distribution."

My Crypto AI Investment Thesis:

Invest in DeAI Infra + Invest in an Agent team that can redefine Crypto's existing workflows

Web2 has long been using AI agents to automate various vertical workflows, with common examples being:

Legal sector: AI assisting law firms in document reading, case database organization, and enhancing courtroom strategies

Accounting sector: AI helping with receipt categorization, generating reports, and preparing tax documents

Construction sector: AI reviewing blueprints, cost estimation, and providing structural optimization recommendations

These projects often reach 7-8 figures in ARR within a few months because they truly leverage AI for automation and augmentation, creating practical value.

However, in Web3, this concept is still very new. To enhance workflows in DeFi, one must not only understand crypto but also grasp the users' real pain points. Some DeFAI projects attempt to create abstraction layers, but they are mostly in the stage of "requiring very specific prompts to function," far from "being user-friendly for everyone."

Therefore, I believe individuals who genuinely comprehend Web3/Crypto workflows are rare. But if you can find and invest in these teams now, you will reap the greatest rewards when they explode in the future.

The issue on the Infra side is—most are not yet available for investment

DeAI Infra teams typically receive VC funding and take a few years to TGE. Some that have already listed have experienced a 50–80% decline. To stabilize token prices, there is only one method: either have actual revenue or secure top-tier liquidity.

For instance, @getgrass_io is a good example: they have a consumer-facing product, leverage user-contributed bandwidth for airdrops, and reportedly have revenue in the 8-9 figures. Such projects are rare, and usually, early participation is only possible through product usage/participation in airdrops. When they truly list, with a high FDV and low circulation, it's easy for the average person to lose out.

Therefore, what is more worth paying attention to is—community-driven, VC-less DeAI ecosystems. Yes, I'm talking about @opentensor (Bittensor).

But ever since the Valentine's Day upgrade of dTAO earlier this year, the entire landscape has undergone a huge transformation. Now, it is the market that determines which subnet receives emission. The community — that is, the users themselves — has become the allocator of capital. If the community believes that your subnet has no product, no real value, then you will not receive emission (capital). This forces subnets to build openly, make progress quickly, and create products that people truly need.

This shift has even given rise to some hedge funds specifically investing in Bittensor subnets.

@BarrySilbert is now partnering with @YumaGroup (a subsidiary of DCG) to bet on the Bittensor ecosystem, a company that invests in, builds, and incubates Bittensor subnets. A recent interview between @RaoulGMI and @BarrySilbert has sparked great excitement in the community (as a major crypto institution has now entered the Bittensor ecosystem).

From an investment perspective, the liquidity of the Bittensor ecosystem is significantly superior to that of the AI Agent ecosystem. The core issue with agent ecosystems like Virtuals lies in the liquidity pool (LP) being paired with Virtuals, leading to higher volatility and more impermanent loss (IL) for liquidity providers.

This is why liquidity is usually relatively thin — you typically put in $1k to $5k and might experience a 3% to 7% slippage on these agent tokens. On the other hand, putting a similar amount into subnet tokens would only incur around 0.05% to 0.1% slippage (or even lower).

Brief Summary:

· The hype cycle of crypto AI agents is waning, with true products and users still scarce

· DeAI infrastructure is undervalued, misunderstood, and mispriced

· The best investment opportunities involve combining infrastructure and agent-driven go-to-market (GTM) to unlock new workflows

· $VIRTUAL leads the agent space, Bittensor leads the infrastructure space

· Watch out for teams that combine the two — if discovered early, there is tremendous upside potential

Summary: I believe DeAI will define the next trend of Web3 AI. We will see more teams changing how we interact with each other and protocols, transforming how value is created, and creating new niche markets that attract more users and a larger market share (more mainstream). Now is the best time to understand the DeAI infrastructure and how it is transforming the landscape. Make sure to pay attention to teams that can successfully integrate DeAI and agency.

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$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating

On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.



On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.


Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.


In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.


Side Effects of ETFs


Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.



Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.


According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.


This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.


Chart showing the trend of net outflows for Grayscale among the 11 institutions


Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.



In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.


According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.



However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.


The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.


Robinhood Takes a Stand, Traditional Brokerages Join the Fray


On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.



With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.


In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.



Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.



Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.



User Data Breach: Is Coinbase Still Secure?


In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.


Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.


Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.


Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.


Visualization: ChatGPT, Source: Farside


In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.


Visualization: ChatGPT


Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.


CEXs are All in Self-Rescue Mode


Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.



Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.


Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.



Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.


With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.


However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.


In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.


The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.


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