Without Interest Rate Perpetuals, Will DeFi Ever be Whole?

By: blockbeats|2025/04/21 04:15:03
Share
copy
Original Article Title: Interest Rate Perpetuals: DeFi's missing piece
Original Article Author: @defiance_cr
Original Article Translation: zhouzhou, BlockBeats

Editor's Note: DeFi lacks a rate perpetual contract tool similar to CME, leading to significant interest rate fluctuations and an inability to hedge risks. Introducing rate perps can help both lenders and borrowers lock in rates, achieve arbitrage and risk management, and promote the integration of DeFi and TradFi, enhancing market efficiency and stability.

The following is the original content (slightly reorganized for readability):

At the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), the daily trading volume of interest rate futures exceeds one trillion dollars. This massive volume is primarily driven by banks and asset managers who operate by hedging the risk between floating-rate and fixed-rate loans already issued.

In DeFi, we have already established a thriving floating-rate lending market, with a total locked value exceeding 300 billion dollars. Pendle's incentivized order book has liquidity exceeding 200 million dollars in a single market, demonstrating a strong market demand for spot interest rates.

However, we still lack a DeFi-native tool like CME interest rate futures to hedge interest rate risk for both lenders and borrowers (excluding IPOR swaps, as they are too complex).

To understand why we need this tool, we first need to understand how interest rates operate in DeFi.

Take AAVE as an example, where its interest rates are dynamically adjusted based on supply and demand. However, AAVE's supply and demand are not isolated but nested within the broader context of the global economy.

Comparing AAVE's smoothed USDC floating rate with CME's 10-year Treasury futures price on a chart, we can see this macroeconomic correlation:

Without Interest Rate Perpetuals, Will DeFi Ever be Whole?

AAVE's USDC rate trend aligns with global rates but with some lag. The primary reason for this lag is the lack of an immediate linkage mechanism between global rates and AAVE rates.

It is precisely this discontinuity that allows the supply and demand dynamics of the crypto market to play a stronger role in interest rate formation. When we eliminate the smoothing process and directly compare AAVE's rate with the global 10-year Treasury rate on a chart, this phenomenon becomes more pronounced:

The interest rate of AAVE is highly volatile, and most of the time, it carries a significant premium compared to the U.S. 10-year Treasury bond rate.

The fundamental reason for this premium is still the lack of a direct link between these two markets. If there were a simple, two-way connection mechanism between DeFi and TradFi interest rates for hedging or arbitrage, it would better integrate the two ecosystems.

And the **Interest Rate Perpetual Swap** is precisely the best way to achieve this. Perp has already been validated by the market as a fit product-market fit (PMF). If a perpetual market covering AAVE rates and U.S. Treasury rates could be established, it would bring about significant change.

For example:

- For borrowers, they can long a perpetual swap tied to the AAVE borrowing rate. If the borrowing annual rate surges from 5% to 10%, the price of this perpetual swap will rise, thus hedging against the risk of increased costs.

Conversely, if the rate decreases, borrowing becomes cheaper, but the perpetual position incurs losses, akin to paying an "insurance premium." In this way, borrowers effectively lock in a fixed rate by borrowing + longing the perpetual swap.

- For stablecoin lenders, they can short a perpetual swap based on the stablecoin lending rate. If lending returns decline, the short position in the perpetual swap profits, offsetting the loss from reduced loan income; if returns increase, the short incurs losses, but interest income rises, creating a hedge.

Moreover, these contracts can also utilize high leverage. In the interest rate markets on CME, 10x leverage is a common setup.

Having a liquid interest rate market can also reduce cascading liquidations during market stress. If market participants hedge in advance, they will not be forced to make large withdrawals or close positions due to interest rate fluctuations.

More importantly, this also opens the door to truly long-term fixed-rate loans—if this interest rate perpetual swap is entirely DeFi-native, it can be used by various protocols for long-term rate hedging, thus providing users with fixed-rate loans.

In traditional finance, hedging interest rate risk is a routine operation, and most long-term loans have interest rate hedging tools behind them.

Introducing this mechanism into DeFi can not only improve efficiency but also attract more TradFi players into this market, truly bridging the gap between DeFi and TradFi.

We can make the market more efficient, and all it takes is the emergence of a perpetual interest rate swap.

Original Article Link

You may also like

a16z Leads $18M Seed Round for Catena Labs, Crypto Industry Bets on Stablecoin AI Payment

Traditional finance is still stuck in a "human-to-human" model, while Catena aims to achieve "AI-to-AI" interaction.

Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Infrastructure Bill'

Original Title: "Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Genius Act'"Original Author: 0xTodd, Partner at Nothing Research


If the US stablecoin bill, the "GENIUS Act," passes smoothly this time, its significance will be tremendous. I even think it's significant enough to enter the top five in Crypto history.



Although abbreviated as the GENIUS Act, which translates directly to the Genius Act, it is actually the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins, which translates to "Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Dollar Stablecoins."


The proposal is lengthy, with several key points summarized for everyone:


· Mandatory 1:1 Full Asset Backing: Assets include cash, demand deposits, and short-term US Treasuries. At the same time, misappropriation and rehypothecation are strictly prohibited.


· High-Frequency Disclosure: Reserve reports must be published at least monthly, introducing external audits.


· Licensing Requirement: Once the circulating market cap of the issuer's stablecoin exceeds $100 billion, it must transition into the federal regulatory system within a specified timeframe, adopting banking-grade regulation.


· Introduction of Custody: The custodian of the stablecoin and its reserve assets must be a regulated qualified financial institution.


· Clear Definition as a Payment Medium: The bill explicitly defines stablecoin as a new type of payment medium, primarily regulated by the banking regulatory system, rather than restricted by the securities or commodities regulatory system.


· Embracing Existing Stablecoins: A maximum 18-month grace period after the bill's enactment, aimed at encouraging existing stablecoin issuers (such as USDT, USDC, etc.) to promptly obtain licenses or become compliant.


After finishing the main content, let's talk about the significance of this matter with an excited heart.


Over the years, when others asked, "After working in the Crypto industry for 16 years, what application have you created?"


In the future, you can confidently tell others—Stablecoins.


First, Clearing Concerns is a Prerequisite


Some people have held opposing views. In the past, people's impression of stablecoins was that they were an opaque black box. Every few months, there would be FUD — whether Tether's assets were frozen or Circle had a significant black hole deficit.


In fact, if you think about it, Tether easily rakes in billions of dollars a year just from the interest on those underlying government bonds. Circle, slightly less, also made a $1.7 billion profit last year.


They basically made money while standing there. From a motivational standpoint, they have no malicious intentions. In fact, they are the most eager for compliance.


Now, this opaque black box will become a transparent white box.


In the past, the only complaint was that Tether's funds might have been frozen by the United States. Now, they will be directly placed into U.S. compliant custodial institutions, with high-frequency disclosures, so you can rest assured.


【No need to worry about a rug pull】 is such a huge advantage—I think especially all Crypto people understand this.


Second, Mastering the Standard is Very Important


Stablecoins were once almost on the verge of being overtaken by CBDCs. In any country, if a central bank digital currency really exists, it is highly likely not built on a blockchain, at most it is built on some internal central bank consortium chain, which to be honest, is meaningless.


When CBDCs were at their peak, that was the most dangerous time for stablecoins.


If CBDCs had become a reality back then, stablecoins today would have been relentlessly suppressed into a dark corner, and blockchain would only be able to play a minimal role.


The remaining half-dead stablecoins would even have to learn the standards of central bank digital currencies, completely relinquishing their standard-setting power.


And now, stablecoins have won (or are about to).


Instead, everyone should learn the 【Blockchain + Token】 standard.


Nowadays, many blockchains actually have no meaningful applications on top, only stablecoin transfers. For example, with Aptos, the only scenario I use Aptos for is transfers between Binance and OKX.


And now, stablecoins will be legislated, what does that mean?


That's right, blockchain will become the only standard.


In the future, every stablecoin user will be the first to learn how to use a wallet.


As an aside, I actually think Ethereum's concerted push for EIP-7702 is quite forward-thinking. While other chains are all about memes, thank you Ethereum for sticking to account abstraction.



EIP-7702 is about Account Abstraction, which can support, for example:


· Social Account Registration Wallet

· Paying GAS with Native Coin

· And more


This paves the way for future new users to heavily use stablecoins, solving the last-mile problem.


Third, Deposit Enters a New Era


Furthermore, once stablecoins receive legislative support, deposits and withdrawals will become even easier.


Let's imagine a scenario: previously, hindered by the gray nature of stablecoins, but after the bill passes, many traditional brokerages can support stablecoins themselves. The money from a US stock investor can be converted into stablecoins in minutes and instantly deposited into Coinbase. Believe it or not.



Let's imagine another scenario: if the brilliant bill smoothly passes through the House of Representatives, next, you will see:


Due to the extremely lucrative nature of this trading, existing stablecoin leaders and newly entering traditional giants will crazily start promoting their stablecoin products.


And an outsider, due to these promotions, will start using stablecoins. And then one day, after finding out that the wallet account has been created, will explore Bitcoin inside. Is mining Bitcoin difficult?


Stablecoins are a huge Trojan horse. The moment you start using stablecoins, you unwittingly step half a foot into the Crypto world.


Fourth, Conclusion


As a large reservoir for digesting US debt, although stablecoins cannot directly absorb debt, they at least provide ammunition for the US debt secondary market. These functions are quite important, and slowly, stablecoins are becoming a part of the US debt market's body. Therefore, once the US legislation is passed and experiences the benefits, there is no turning back.


And, we are also confident that stablecoins are indeed one of the great innovations in our industry. People who have used stablecoins will find it hard to return to the traditional cash-banking system.


Once the bill is passed, users can't go back. In the future, concerns are about to be resolved, standards will be mastered, and the era of large deposits seems to be on the horizon.


Original Article Link

After CEX and Wallet, OKX enters the payment game

「Road to the Next Billion Users」. — OKX CEO Star

Why Are Crypto Projects Rushing to Issue Credit Cards? A Battle Between Web3 and the Real World

This article will dissect the driving forces, competitive landscape, and hidden risks behind the recent surge in cryptocurrency payments, shedding light on this industry upheaval.

Launch on Binance Alpha, how much is your HAEDAL airdrop worth?

The pre-market price is not reliable.

Taking Stock of the Top 10 Emerging Launchpad Platforms: Who Will Succeed in Disrupting Pump.fun?

From MEME, AI Agent to SocialFi Track, Solana is on a "Public Launchpad"

Popular coins

Latest Crypto News

Read more