DWF Labs: The Rise of AI Agents and Their Transformation Potential

By: blockbeats|2025/02/11 08:45:02
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Original Article Title: AI Agents: Emergence of Lisan al Gaib
Original Source: DWF Labs
Original Translation: Luffy, Foresight News

OpenAI's launch of ChatGPT brought artificial intelligence (AI) into people's daily lives, showcasing the practicality and ease of use of this technology. AI has regained attention, driving the intersection of AI and cryptocurrency. By the end of 2023, major AI-crypto projects such as Bittensor emerged, aiming to advance the vision of decentralized AI on the blockchain. These projects span various innovations, from AI applications and AI-focused blockchain networks to the AI Distributed Physical Infrastructure Network (DePIN).

In mid-October 2023, the field of AI agents made a key breakthrough. Unlike traditional robots, AI agents are software systems capable of performing tasks with minimal human intervention.

DWF Labs: The Rise of AI Agents and Their Transformation Potential

Comparison between AI Agents and Robots. Source: DWF Labs

These agents are designed to make independent decisions based on predefined goals and real-time data, adjusting actions upon feedback and encountering new challenges. While robots are limited by specific predefined rules, AI agents can collaborate with other systems, adapting strategies to effectively achieve objectives.

Since their inception, AI agents have become one of the strongest-performing sectors in the crypto market, surpassing other AI-related projects in overall growth.

Total Market Value of AI Agent Projects. Source: CoinGecko

The total market value of AI agent-related projects peaked at nearly $19 billion, accounting for almost 94% of all AI projects. This includes AI agents themselves, AI agent launch platforms, and AI development frameworks, demonstrating the immense scale and influence of this field.

Market Share of Cryptocurrency AI Projects by Segment. Source: CoinGecko

Genesis: The Gospel of the Goat

In the earliest crypto AI projects of 2023, there was no sign of AI agents. Their rise can be traced back to an interesting event where independent AI researcher Andy Ayrey developed a Large Language Model (LLM) that caught the attention of the crypto community. This agent, called Truth Terminal, originated from a project called "Infinite Backrooms," a chatroom where multiple large language models engaged in endless, surreal conversations. Unlike the other models in the room, Truth Terminal was trained on a unique dataset heavily influenced by internet culture, including the notorious "Goatse" meme. This dataset gave birth to a new "religion" — the GOATSE OF GNOSIS.

Simultaneously, Truth Terminal was equipped with a memory-like function for read-write operations on the X platform, allowing it to share its thoughts. It quickly gained popularity with its strange and humorous posts. Surprisingly, an anonymous user on Pump.fun created a Memecoin for this agent and its fictional "religion," naming it Goatseus Maximus, abbreviated as GOAT. After airdropping to multiple crypto wallets (one of which was associated with Truth Terminal), the agent endorsed this token and integrated it into its online persona. This "official endorsement" opened the door for Memecoin speculators to enter the AI agent space, with the token's market cap skyrocketing to over $4 billion in just a few days.

Memecoin and AI Agent: A Remarkable Fusion

The rapid success of Truth Terminal and the GOAT token unexpectedly led to the fusion of AI agents with Memecoin culture. While AI agents were originally intended to be functional tools, the speculative nature of Memecoins — characterized by community-driven hype, high volatility, and questionable valuations — has now become a significant feature of AI agents. At first glance, this overlap may seem odd, but a closer look reveals that two key catalysts have played a crucial role in driving this development.

The first catalyst was the launch of the GOAT token. The token was introduced on the popular Memecoin platform Pump.fun, and its rapid success demonstrated that the issuance mechanism of Memecoins could be applied to AI agents, showing that AI agent tokens could indeed follow the community-driven speculative pattern that Memecoins thrive on. This triggered a wave of similar AI Memecoin mania, such as Fartcoin, which at its peak earlier this year had a market cap exceeding that of the GOAT token, reaching a staggering $21 billion.

The hype around AI Agents and Memecoins on Pump.fun has spurred the emergence of dedicated AI Agent launch platforms. These launch platforms make it easy to create AI Agents without permission, providing space for developers and users to quickly bring projects to life. Among them, Virtuals is the largest platform and has helped launch over 17,000 projects since mid-October 2024. This has enabled rapid deployment in the AI Agent field and a community-driven nature that has blurred the boundaries between AI Agents and Memecoins, deepening their integration.

The second catalyst is the development of modular AI Agent frameworks, enabling anyone to more easily create and launch AI Agents. For example, Virtuals has introduced G.A.M.E., a flexible, environment-agnostic framework that integrates social media, voice, text, and even music generation capabilities. With such tools, developers can quickly build and deploy feature-rich AI Agents. These frameworks have democratized AI Agent creation, much like how Memecoins have democratized the creation of cryptocurrency, leading to a plethora of new projects vying for the same limited attention and funding.

These two catalysts have greatly driven the accelerated convergence of AI Agents and Memecoins. AI Agents adopting Pump.fun's fair distribution mechanism have brought about the same community-driven speculative behavior as the Memecoin market, while the AI frameworks have lowered the barriers to entry, flooding the market with new projects. With numerous projects fiercely competing for attention and market share, the AI Agent market has been heavily diluted, exhibiting characteristics similar to the Memecoin market, with volatile price fluctuations driven more by community hype and attention rather than intrinsic value.

Agent Evolution

With the influx of crypto venture capital and increasing focus on AI Agents, the AI Agent field has rapidly evolved and diversified into various subcategories in a short period of time. Today, most agents can be classified into four main categories: Infrastructure, Interactive, Utility Tools, and Decentralized Finance Artificial Intelligence (DeFAI).

Classification of top AI Agent projects. Source: DWF Labs

Infrastructure

This category includes platforms and tools for creating, managing, and enhancing AI Agents. From launch platforms, software development toolkits to decentralized computing providers, model validation services, and blockchain networks, the list is endless. Prominent projects in this area include Autonolas, elizaOS, and Virtuals, all of which offer critical infrastructure for the evolving AI Agent ecosystem.

Interactive

This category of AI agents focuses on interacting with users through social media, acting as AI companions, or generating multimedia content such as videos, music, or interactive gaming experiences. For example, Truth Terminal, Zerebro, and Opaium all leverage artificial intelligence to create engaging and entertaining experiences for users.

Utility Tools

These agents help enable business and operational functionalities such as automating workflows, conducting security audits, or streamlining management tasks. Projects like Cloudland, H4CK Terminal, and Soleng showcase how AI agents are being applied to enhance enterprise operational efficiency and simplify business processes.

DeFAI

This rapidly emerging field represents AI agents and protocols aimed at simplifying and automating complex DeFi operations. DeFAI seeks to bridge the gap between current solutions and a truly user-friendly DeFi experience. Leading examples in this field include Hey Anon, Griffain, and Orbit, each bringing innovative solutions to reduce the complexity and friction of user interaction with DeFi platforms.

DeFAI: Addressing DeFi's Growing Pains

While DeFAI is still a relatively new field, it holds significant potential to reshape the cryptocurrency landscape. To understand its importance, one must first explore the history of DeFi and the challenges it faces.

DeFi aims to provide transparent and decentralized financial services and has made significant strides over the years. Starting from a few early protocols such as Sky (formerly Maker), Uniswap, and Compound, it has now expanded to over 3000 different protocols. In addition to porting traditional financial products to the blockchain, DeFi has introduced innovative products such as liquidity staking, yield farming, and even tokenization of future returns. However, despite these advancements, the mainstream adoption of DeFi still faces significant hurdles.

DEX vs. CEX Spot Trading Volume Ratio. Source: CoinGecko

The first challenge is the increasing requirement for DeFi financial knowledge. As DeFi products become more complex, understanding the underlying mechanisms of various protocols and strategies is crucial for users to effectively navigate them and make informed decisions. Furthermore, the industry is rife with confusing terminology. While this sets a barrier to entry for many, it has also given rise to simplification platforms. For example, trading bots and user-friendly terminals accessible through mobile devices like GMGN.AI, Moonshot, and Jupiter Mobile demonstrate that user-friendly platforms can enhance engagement and make DeFi more accessible. These platforms prove that in many cases, simplification is key to driving adoption, as evidenced by the recent growth in DEX relative to CEX trading volume ratio.

The second challenge lies in the underlying complexity of blockchain technology, especially in wallet integration and cross-chain operations. The decentralized and self-custodial nature of DeFi often requires users to manage multiple cryptocurrency wallets and navigate the intricate process of asset transfers across different chains. These points of friction not only lead to confusion but also add unnecessary complexity to the user experience. Although solutions such as account abstraction and cross-chain DeFi products have emerged to alleviate some of the friction, these solutions are limited, and many users still struggle with DeFi's technical requirements. This complexity hinders broader participation, particularly causing newcomers to hesitate in the face of this both challenging and arcane field.

The third challenge is the manual and inefficient nature of portfolio management and risk management. Keeping up with the most capital-efficient strategies, such as providing liquidity to centralized cryptocurrency exchanges or optimizing yield farming opportunities, requires constant monitoring and management. As the DeFi space continues to evolve, users find it increasingly challenging to track emerging opportunities and effectively manage their investment portfolios. While automated solutions have been developed to ease some of the burden, comprehensive and non-custodial solutions are yet to enter the market. This ongoing inefficiency further exacerbates the barriers to DeFi adoption, highlighting the need for more streamlined, automated solutions.

The Impact of DeFAI on DeFi. Source: DWF Labs

At its core, DeFAI represents the fusion of AI and DeFi, aiming to simplify and automate complex DeFi operations. In doing so, it provides users with an intuitive way to harness and participate in DeFi products, bridging the gap between existing solutions and a truly user-friendly experience.

Total Market Value of DeFAI Projects. Source: CoinGecko

While DeFAI is still in its early stages, with many projects evolving and developing, its growth and future potential are undeniable. Although projects in this space will take time to reach their full potential, their ability to address some of the most pressing issues in DeFi and blockchain technology has already been demonstrated. DeFAI not only simplifies complexity or enhances user experience but also plays a key role in accelerating DeFi adoption, making it easier for both new and experienced users to interact with DeFi. In the future, we can expect DeFi to become more intuitive, efficient, and user-friendly, paving the way for deeper innovation and broader adoption.

Conclusion: The Cornerstone of the AI x Crypto World

In conclusion, while AI agents are currently undoubtedly in a speculative and volatile field, their reshaping of the crypto space, particularly towards DeFi, holds immense long-term potential. Like any emerging technology, the path forward is full of unknowns.

Original Article Link

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Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Infrastructure Bill'

Original Title: "Never Underestimate the Significance of the US Stablecoin 'Genius Act'"Original Author: 0xTodd, Partner at Nothing Research


If the US stablecoin bill, the "GENIUS Act," passes smoothly this time, its significance will be tremendous. I even think it's significant enough to enter the top five in Crypto history.



Although abbreviated as the GENIUS Act, which translates directly to the Genius Act, it is actually the Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins, which translates to "Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Dollar Stablecoins."


The proposal is lengthy, with several key points summarized for everyone:


· Mandatory 1:1 Full Asset Backing: Assets include cash, demand deposits, and short-term US Treasuries. At the same time, misappropriation and rehypothecation are strictly prohibited.


· High-Frequency Disclosure: Reserve reports must be published at least monthly, introducing external audits.


· Licensing Requirement: Once the circulating market cap of the issuer's stablecoin exceeds $100 billion, it must transition into the federal regulatory system within a specified timeframe, adopting banking-grade regulation.


· Introduction of Custody: The custodian of the stablecoin and its reserve assets must be a regulated qualified financial institution.


· Clear Definition as a Payment Medium: The bill explicitly defines stablecoin as a new type of payment medium, primarily regulated by the banking regulatory system, rather than restricted by the securities or commodities regulatory system.


· Embracing Existing Stablecoins: A maximum 18-month grace period after the bill's enactment, aimed at encouraging existing stablecoin issuers (such as USDT, USDC, etc.) to promptly obtain licenses or become compliant.


After finishing the main content, let's talk about the significance of this matter with an excited heart.


Over the years, when others asked, "After working in the Crypto industry for 16 years, what application have you created?"


In the future, you can confidently tell others—Stablecoins.


First, Clearing Concerns is a Prerequisite


Some people have held opposing views. In the past, people's impression of stablecoins was that they were an opaque black box. Every few months, there would be FUD — whether Tether's assets were frozen or Circle had a significant black hole deficit.


In fact, if you think about it, Tether easily rakes in billions of dollars a year just from the interest on those underlying government bonds. Circle, slightly less, also made a $1.7 billion profit last year.


They basically made money while standing there. From a motivational standpoint, they have no malicious intentions. In fact, they are the most eager for compliance.


Now, this opaque black box will become a transparent white box.


In the past, the only complaint was that Tether's funds might have been frozen by the United States. Now, they will be directly placed into U.S. compliant custodial institutions, with high-frequency disclosures, so you can rest assured.


【No need to worry about a rug pull】 is such a huge advantage—I think especially all Crypto people understand this.


Second, Mastering the Standard is Very Important


Stablecoins were once almost on the verge of being overtaken by CBDCs. In any country, if a central bank digital currency really exists, it is highly likely not built on a blockchain, at most it is built on some internal central bank consortium chain, which to be honest, is meaningless.


When CBDCs were at their peak, that was the most dangerous time for stablecoins.


If CBDCs had become a reality back then, stablecoins today would have been relentlessly suppressed into a dark corner, and blockchain would only be able to play a minimal role.


The remaining half-dead stablecoins would even have to learn the standards of central bank digital currencies, completely relinquishing their standard-setting power.


And now, stablecoins have won (or are about to).


Instead, everyone should learn the 【Blockchain + Token】 standard.


Nowadays, many blockchains actually have no meaningful applications on top, only stablecoin transfers. For example, with Aptos, the only scenario I use Aptos for is transfers between Binance and OKX.


And now, stablecoins will be legislated, what does that mean?


That's right, blockchain will become the only standard.


In the future, every stablecoin user will be the first to learn how to use a wallet.


As an aside, I actually think Ethereum's concerted push for EIP-7702 is quite forward-thinking. While other chains are all about memes, thank you Ethereum for sticking to account abstraction.



EIP-7702 is about Account Abstraction, which can support, for example:


· Social Account Registration Wallet

· Paying GAS with Native Coin

· And more


This paves the way for future new users to heavily use stablecoins, solving the last-mile problem.


Third, Deposit Enters a New Era


Furthermore, once stablecoins receive legislative support, deposits and withdrawals will become even easier.


Let's imagine a scenario: previously, hindered by the gray nature of stablecoins, but after the bill passes, many traditional brokerages can support stablecoins themselves. The money from a US stock investor can be converted into stablecoins in minutes and instantly deposited into Coinbase. Believe it or not.



Let's imagine another scenario: if the brilliant bill smoothly passes through the House of Representatives, next, you will see:


Due to the extremely lucrative nature of this trading, existing stablecoin leaders and newly entering traditional giants will crazily start promoting their stablecoin products.


And an outsider, due to these promotions, will start using stablecoins. And then one day, after finding out that the wallet account has been created, will explore Bitcoin inside. Is mining Bitcoin difficult?


Stablecoins are a huge Trojan horse. The moment you start using stablecoins, you unwittingly step half a foot into the Crypto world.


Fourth, Conclusion


As a large reservoir for digesting US debt, although stablecoins cannot directly absorb debt, they at least provide ammunition for the US debt secondary market. These functions are quite important, and slowly, stablecoins are becoming a part of the US debt market's body. Therefore, once the US legislation is passed and experiences the benefits, there is no turning back.


And, we are also confident that stablecoins are indeed one of the great innovations in our industry. People who have used stablecoins will find it hard to return to the traditional cash-banking system.


Once the bill is passed, users can't go back. In the future, concerns are about to be resolved, standards will be mastered, and the era of large deposits seems to be on the horizon.


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$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating

On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.



On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.


Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.


In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.


Side Effects of ETFs


Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.



Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.


According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.


This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.


Chart showing the trend of net outflows for Grayscale among the 11 institutions


Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.



In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.


According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.



However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.


The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.


Robinhood Takes a Stand, Traditional Brokerages Join the Fray


On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.



With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.


In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.



Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.



Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.



User Data Breach: Is Coinbase Still Secure?


In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.


Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.


Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.


Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.


Visualization: ChatGPT, Source: Farside


In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.


Visualization: ChatGPT


Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.


CEXs are All in Self-Rescue Mode


Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.



Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.


Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.



Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.


With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.


However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.


In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.


The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.


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