Mainstream Market AI Agent, What’s Next in Line?

By: blockbeats|2025/01/02 06:15:04
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Original Title: "WOO X Research: What Stage Has the AI Agent Development Reached Now? How Will the Next Step Be Taken?"
Original Source: WOO X Research

Background: Crypto + AI, Seeking PMF

PMF (Product Market Fit) refers to the product-market fit, meaning the product should meet market demand. Before starting a business, it is essential to confirm the market situation, understand the type of customers to sell to, grasp the current market environment of the industry, and then develop the product.

The concept of PMF is applicable to entrepreneurs to avoid creating products/services that they feel good about but the market does not endorse. This concept also applies to the cryptocurrency market, where project teams should understand the needs of players in the crypto space to build products, rather than stacking technologies disconnected from the market.

In the past, Crypto AI has mostly been associated with DeFi, with the narrative focusing on utilizing Crypto's decentralized data to train AI, thereby avoiding reliance on a single entity's control, such as computing power, data, and other types. Data providers could then share the benefits brought by AI.

Following the above logic, it is more like Crypto empowering AI. Besides distributing tokenized benefits to computing power providers, AI struggles to onboard more new users, indicating that this model is not very successful in terms of PMF.

The emergence of AI Agents is more like the application end, compared to DeFi + AI, which is more like infrastructure. Clearly, the application end is more straightforward and easier to understand, with better user absorption capabilities, demonstrating a better PMF than DeFi + AI.

Starting with the sponsorship of A16Z founder Marc Andreessen (the PMF theory was also proposed by him), and the introduction of GOAT generated by two AI dialogues, the first shot of AI Agent was fired. Now, with both ai16z and Virtual camps having their strengths and weaknesses, what is the development trajectory of AI Agent in the crypto space? At what stage is it currently? Where will it go in the future? Let WOO X Research take everyone through.

Phase One: Meme Genesis

Before the appearance of GOAT, the hottest trend in this cycle was meme coins. The characteristic of meme coins is their inclusivity. From the hippo MOODENG in the zoo, to Neiro newly adopted by DOGE's owner, to web-native meme Popcat, they all exhibit the trend of "everything can be a meme." Under this seemingly absurd narrative, it also provides the soil for the growth of AI Agents.

GOAT is a meme coin generated by two AI dialogues, marking the first time AI has achieved its goals through cryptocurrency and the internet, learning from human behavior. Only a meme coin can carry out such a high level of experimentation, while similar concept coins have sprung up like mushrooms after the rain, but most of their functions remain in activities such as automatic tweeting and replying on Twitter, with no real-world applications. At this point, AI Agent coins are usually referred to as AI + Meme.

Representative Projects:

· Fartcoin: Market Cap 812M, On-chain Liquidity 15.9M

· GOAT: Market Cap 430M, On-chain Liquidity 8.1M

· Bully: Market Cap 43M, On-chain Liquidity 2M

· Shoggoth: Market Cap 38M, On-chain Liquidity 1.8M

Phase Two: Exploring Applications

Gradually, everyone realized that the AI Agent could not only engage in simple interactions on Twitter but could also extend to more valuable scenarios. This includes content production such as music and video and has also introduced services more relevant to cryptocurrency users, such as investment analysis and fund management. From this phase onwards, AI Agent separated from meme coins, forming a whole new track.

Representative Projects:

· ai16z: Market Cap 1.67B, On-chain Liquidity 14.7M

· Zerebro: Market Cap 453M, On-chain Liquidity 14M

· AIXBT: Market Cap 500M, On-chain Liquidity 19.2M

· GRIFFAIN: Market Cap 243M, On-chain Liquidity 7.5M

· ALCH: Market Cap 68M, On-chain Liquidity 2.8M


(BlockBeats Note: There has been significant market volatility recently, and the coins mentioned in this article have experienced varying degrees of price fluctuations. Therefore, the data in this article may differ from current data. This article is for reference only and does not constitute investment advice.)

Extra: Launchpad

As AI Agent applications flourish, how can entrepreneurs choose the right track to ride the wave of AI and Crypto?

The answer is Launchpad.

When the coins under the launchpad have a wealth effect, users will continue to seek and purchase tokens issued by the platform. The real gains generated by user purchases empower the platform token to drive price increases. As the platform token price continues to rise, funds will overflow into its issued coins, creating a wealth effect.

The business model is clear and has a positive feedback loop. However, one thing to note is that the Launchpad belongs to the winner-takes-all Matthew effect. The core function of the Launchpad is to launch new tokens. In a situation where the functionality is similar, what needs to be compared is the quality of the projects under it. If a single platform can consistently produce high-quality projects and have a wealth creation effect, user stickiness to that issuance platform will naturally increase, and other projects will find it difficult to attract users.

Representative Projects:

· VIRTUAL: Market Cap 3.4B, On-chain Liquidity 52M

· CLANKER: Market Cap 62M, On-chain Liquidity 1.2M

· VVAIFU: Market Cap 81M, On-chain Liquidity 3.5M

· VAPOR: Market Cap 105M

Phase Three: Seeking Collaboration

As the AI Agent begins to implement more practical features, it starts exploring collaboration between projects to build a stronger ecosystem. The focus of this phase is interoperability and the expansion of the ecosystem, particularly whether synergies can be achieved with other crypto projects or protocols. For example, the AI Agent may collaborate with DeFi protocols to enhance automated investment strategies or integrate with NFT projects to create smarter tools.

To achieve efficient collaboration, a standardized framework needs to be established first to provide developers with pre-set components, abstract concepts, and relevant tools to simplify the development process of complex AI Agents. By proposing standardized solutions to common challenges in AI Agent development, these frameworks can help developers focus on the uniqueness of their applications rather than designing the infrastructure from scratch every time, thereby avoiding the issue of reinventing the wheel.

Representative Projects:

· ELIZA: Market Cap 100M, On-chain Liquidity 3.6M

· GAME: Market Cap 237M, On-chain Liquidity 31M

· ARC: Market Cap 300M, On-chain Liquidity 5M

· FXN: Market Cap 76M, On-chain Liquidity 1.5M

· SWARMS: Market Cap 63M, On-chain Liquidity 20M

Phase Four: Fund Management

At the product level, the AI Agent may predominantly serve as a simple tool, such as providing investment advice and generating reports. However, fund management requires a higher level of capability, including strategy design, dynamic adjustments, and market predictions, signaling that the AI Agent is not just a tool but is starting to engage in the value creation process.

With traditional financial funds accelerating into the crypto market, the demand for specialization and scaling continues to rise. The automation and high efficiency of AI Agents can precisely meet this demand, especially in carrying out functions such as arbitrage strategies, asset rebalancing, and risk hedging, where AI Agents can significantly enhance the competitiveness of funds.

Representative Projects:

· ai16z: Market Cap 1.67B, On-chain Liquidity 14.7M

· Vader: Market Cap 91M, On-chain Liquidity 3.7M

· SEKOIA: Market Cap 33M, On-chain Liquidity 1.5M

· AiSTR: Market Cap 13.7M, On-chain Liquidity 675K

Expectation for Stage Five: Reshaping Agentnomics

Currently, we are in the fourth stage. Setting aside token prices, most Crypto AI Agents have not yet been integrated into our daily life applications. Taking myself as an example, the most commonly used AI Agent for me is still the Web 2 Perplexity, occasionally checking AIXBT's analysis tweets. Apart from this, the frequency of using Crypto AI Agents is extremely low, so we may remain in the fourth stage for a while, as the product level has not matured yet.

However, I believe that in the fifth stage, AI Agents will not only be an aggregation of functions or applications but the core of the entire economic model – the reshaping of Agentnomics (Agent Economics). The development in this stage not only involves technological evolution but more crucially, defining the tokenomic relationship between the Distributor, Platform, and Agent Vendors, creating a brand-new ecosystem. The following are the key features of this stage:

1. Analogy to the Development History of the Internet

The formation process of Agentnomics can be analogized to the evolution of the internet economy, such as the emergence of super applications like WeChat and Alipay. These applications, through integrating the platform economy, bring independent applications into their own ecosystems, becoming multi-functional gateways. In this process, an economic model of collaboration and symbiosis is formed between application vendors and platforms, and AI Agents will also replay a similar process in the fifth stage but based on cryptocurrency and decentralized technology.

2. Reshaping the Relationship between Distributors, Platforms, and Agent Vendors

In the ecosystem of AI Agents, the three will establish a tightly interconnected economic network:

· Distributor: Responsible for promoting the AI Agent to end users, for example through a professional app marketplace or DApp ecosystem.

· Platform: Provides infrastructure and collaboration frameworks, allowing multiple Agent vendors to operate in a unified environment and responsible for managing ecosystem rules and resource allocation.

· Agent Vendor: Develops and provides AI Agents with different functionalities, delivering innovative applications and services to the ecosystem.

Through tokenomics design, the interests among Distributors, Platforms, and Vendors will be decentralized, for example through revenue sharing mechanisms, contribution rewards, and governance rights, thereby promoting collaboration and incentivizing innovation.

3. Entry and Integration of Super Apps

When the AI Agent evolves into an entry point for super apps, it will be able to integrate multiple platform economies, absorbing and managing a large number of independent Agents. Similar to how WeChat and Alipay integrated independent apps into their ecosystems, the AI Agent's super app will further break down traditional app silos.

This article is a contributed content and does not represent the views of BlockBeats.

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$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating

On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.



On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.


Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.


In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.


Side Effects of ETFs


Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.



Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.


According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.


This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.


Chart showing the trend of net outflows for Grayscale among the 11 institutions


Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.



In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.


According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.



However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.


The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.


Robinhood Takes a Stand, Traditional Brokerages Join the Fray


On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.



With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.


In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.



Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.



Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.



User Data Breach: Is Coinbase Still Secure?


In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.


Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.


Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.


Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.


Visualization: ChatGPT, Source: Farside


In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.


Visualization: ChatGPT


Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.


CEXs are All in Self-Rescue Mode


Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.



Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.


Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.



Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.


With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.


However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.


In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.


The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.


Key Market Insights for May 16th, how much did you miss out on?

1. On-chain Flows: $111.3M inflow to Ethereum this week; $237.6M outflow from Berachain 2. Largest Price Swings: $ETHFI, $NEIRO 3. Top News: Data: Solana Network's revenue reached $7.9M on the 13th, surpassing the sum of all other L1 and L2 chains

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