The crypto market is currently facing a trust crisis. What should the industry do to turn the tide?

By: blockbeats|2025/03/13 06:15:02
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Original Article Title: Why Everyone Hates Crypto—And How We Fix It
Original Author: defiignas, DeFi Researcher
Original Translation: ChatGPT

Editor's Note: The author discusses the poor public perception of cryptocurrency due to scams, speculation, and negative media coverage, analyzes its low trust among the general public, and points out that despite its original intention to innovate the financial system, meme coins and a short-term profit-driven culture have overshadowed this vision; the author proposes measures such as self-regulating bad actors, emphasizing utility over speculation, and reshaping the narratives of Bitcoin and Ethereum to improve cryptocurrency's perception, ultimately achieving a more open and fair ecosystem.

Below is the original article content (slightly reorganized for readability):

Cryptocurrency was meant to be revolutionary, yet it is seen as a scam. Can we correct this situation?

Surprisingly, cryptocurrency has such a minimal impact on our lives outside of the crypto community. Unless you actively try to engage with cryptocurrency, you can go about your daily life with almost no exposure to it.

However, the problem is that when this "minimal exposure to cryptocurrency" does affect people, it is almost always negative. You're watching "Squid Game" on Netflix, and a crypto influencer obsessed with a scam appears. He can't go a moment without checking the crypto price, demanding to get his phone back. At this point, I can relate.

When you browse the news, you come across the following (almost always negative) headlines:

· North Korea Steals $1.5 Billion, Pulls Off Largest Hack Ever

· "A Mockery": Trump's new meme coin sparks outrage in the crypto world

· Man sued for woman's £154,000 loss in Bitcoin scam

· Crypto trader livestreams suicide

Scams, fraud, pump-and-dump schemes. You name it. Cryptocurrency's public image is abysmal. To be fair, even we, the crypto natives, know that cryptocurrency is rife with junk.

But we also know why we are here: to get rich by innovating the outdated financial system. Yes, quick riches are often the reason we are so loathed, but I cannot deny that fact. Everyone who invests in anything wants to make money.

However, cryptocurrency is one of the few industries where you can still build wealth from scratch. In today's economy, slowly amassing wealth on a moderate salary is incredibly challenging. Gen Z realized this and (quietly) chose to opt-out of the job market.

If only they knew what cryptocurrency could bring to their lives...

However, I find that cryptocurrency has done a terrible job in emphasizing our mission, why we need cryptocurrency, and why getting rich through cryptocurrency is not inherently evil. Here is a popular comment from the Financial Times summarizing the views of crypto skeptics:

The crypto market is currently facing a trust crisis. What should the industry do to turn the tide?

If you read Reddit, you'd know how much the common folk despise cryptocurrency, but I wish to see more positive representation of cryptocurrency in mainstream media. To be fair, the Financial Times has always been skeptical of cryptocurrency, but over the years, Bloomberg's coverage has improved, providing great insights. Interestingly, there was a seemingly harmless Bloomberg article titled "Meet America's Seven Top Personal Finance Influencers," which mentioned a crypto influencer. He mainly focuses on meme coins and promotes his meme coin Telegram group, so while I'm glad Bloomberg wants to incorporate a crypto element, I'm surprised they actually shared @cryptomasun.

People Really Hate Cryptocurrency

As this is still a "research" blog, here are some noteworthy research findings on cryptocurrency sentiment. Many surveys indicate that non-investors see cryptocurrency as a high-risk speculation rather than a legitimate financial asset. In the UK, 64% of surveyed consumers knowledgeable about cryptocurrency believe that "investing in cryptocurrency is basically gambling."

A 2024 Pew survey found that 75% of Americans distrust its reliability and security due to scams and market volatility.

In the 2023 Edelman Global Study, cryptocurrency is distrusted across all age groups, with its trust even lower than the banks we're trying to disrupt.

Of course, FTX damaged cryptocurrency's reputation in 2023, but this year didn't help with meme coins either.

Consensys annually releases excellent research reports, and their 2024 report shows a decline in the narrative of the "future of money" in cryptocurrency. Sentiments of speculation, scams, phishing, crime, and money laundering are as prevalent in cryptocurrency as they are in the "traditional financial alternative."

The message is clear: outside the crypto community, people widely doubt whether digital assets can be trusted as secure financial instruments.

While writing this blog post, I came across the following tweet that succinctly captures public sentiment towards cryptocurrency:

Why Cryptocurrency Culture Matters

Our public image may seem unimportant as the general public "just doesn't get it." They fear being rescued from the 9-5 grind and are influenced by mainstream media's anti-crypto propaganda.

Nevertheless, the tide is turning, with more people willing to buy into cryptocurrency. I believe that a shifting crypto culture can add millions of new members to the community.

I believe we can and should do better. We need to make people believe in the vision and mission of cryptocurrency.

Cryptocurrency envisions a decentralized financial system where individuals have full control of their assets, free from the constraints of intermediaries like banks or governments. It aims to create a borderless, censorship-resistant, trust-minimized ecosystem where anyone can transact, store value, and build an economic system without relying on centralized authorities.

Our vision is being drowned out by meme coins and speculative noise.

Even worse, the public no longer sees cryptocurrency as a revolutionary way to improve the financial system. As stated below: "The Bitcoin ecosystem has become everything you despise." Wealth and power are concentrated in the hands of a few, extracting wealth from the economically desperate.

Furthermore, due to Trump's public endorsement, people now associate cryptocurrency with the MAGA movement, which is not well-received outside its circle. Unsurprisingly, the EU views Trump's support for cryptocurrency as a threat to European monetary sovereignty.

Make no mistake—the pause in regulation by the former U.S. government was bullish. However, the crypto industry is walking on thin ice under the current Trump administration.

How to Change Cryptocurrency's Perception

Cryptocurrency's reputation won't repair itself. If we want mainstream adoption, we need to reshape the narrative.

Easier said than done, but it must start from within: even crypto natives have lost hope in cryptocurrency.

I believe we need to focus on three key points first:

1. Make Cryptocurrency Great Again

In previous cycles, newcomers to cryptocurrency could make money. However, meme coins were distorted by small groups and venture-backed low-circulating, high FDV projects, leaving no room for upward movement for newcomers.

This cycle we managed to resist low circulation, high FDV, but fell into the meme coin small group trap.

Legion and Echo made progress by adopting a fairer funding model, but they are still too exclusive. We need to create and promote games that create value rather than destroy value, allowing early adopters to benefit together. Kyle in "First Principles" provides a detailed plan on how to rise more powerfully from market chaos.

But due to extreme short-termism, a culture of maximizing extraction, and low-trust individuals, we have fallen into a self-inflicted eternal financial nihilism loop. When everyone thinks "I can get out before he scams" is a good idea, the collective decision is to blindly invest in random scammer coins.

We need to self-regulate bad actors. The industry must do more to expose scams and hold influencers accountable for their misleading promotions. ZachXBT used to do this, but the level of criminality got out of hand, and even he eventually dumped the meme coins sent to him.

I also need to do better in this regard, staying away from value-extraction activities. People need to truly make money while expanding the crypto cake. Now, newcomers end up financially devastated. Or worse.

2. Shift the Narrative from Speculation to Utility

Cryptocurrency is not just gambling—it offers real-world benefits. We need to focus on use cases such as remittances, financial inclusion, and transparent governance, rather than meme coin culture.

DeFi is expanding, new social networks like Lens, Abstract, and Farcaster are emerging with innovative monetization models. In addition, the increasing adoption of stablecoins and real-world assets (RWA) helps preserve and grow wealth rather than destroy it.

KOLs on X may not care about these, but CryptoX is just a small part of a wider crypto culture.

I am glad Bitcoin is performing well as "digital gold," but Ethereum and Solana are seen as speculative chains rather than foundational platforms for an open digital economy.

If we promote meme coins as part of crypto culture, I bet Pudgy Penguins are the strongest output from Web3 to Web2, rather than meme coins imported from Web2 (Doge, Pepe, etc.).

3. Reclaiming the Bitcoin and Ethereum Narratives

Cryptocurrency is not a singular unified culture but rather consists of multiple subcultures. Among the most prominent are Bitcoin and Ethereum.

The view that Bitcoin "became everything it was supposed to destroy" really irks me. Only those who store BTC in a cold wallet truly understand the peace of mind that self-custody and disintermediation bring.

ETFs are beneficial for our wallets, but they are a double-edged sword because ETF buyers do not experience the freedom that self-custody provides.

I also wish Bitcoin would steer clear of the MAGA movement. Bitcoin is global and should be neutral.

That's why I like Ethereum. Many criticize the Ethereum Foundation for not cozying up to the Trump team, but in the long run, this will prove to be a winning strategy.

In a world where privacy and democracy are eroding, AI blurs reality and illusion, and digital ownership is not assured, Ethereum offers a secure haven.

Ethereum stands unwaveringly for:

· Trusted Neutrality

· Depoliticization

· Decentralization

· Globality

Those outside of cryptocurrency are unaware of these, so our job is to spread this information and build products that truly showcase Ethereum's value.

An Optimistic Future

Today, the entire cryptocurrency market has just reached a $2.7 trillion valuation. But are we deserving of this?

Since Vitalik's post in 2017, cryptocurrency has evolved beyond mere speculation and zero-sum games.

As I've written in previous posts, globally, 1.4 billion people are unbanked. Even in the U.S., this figure stands at 4.5%. The Fed's own research finds that high-income individuals see cryptocurrency as an investment, but the less wealthy use it for transactions. 60% of those using it for transactions earn less than $50,000 annually, and 13% are unbanked.

Venezuela ranks 40th in the 2023 Chainalysis Cryptocurrency Adoption Index. Stablecoins are a lifeline against hyperinflation. Similar to Argentina, as the national currency plummets, stablecoin purchases surge—a sign of widespread cryptocurrency adoption.

Cryptocurrency is not just about fighting inflation; it is also used to resist oppressive regimes. During the COVID-19 pandemic, cryptocurrency was used to directly aid healthcare workers in Venezuela, free from interference by corrupt authorities. Ukraine raised $225 million in donations through cryptocurrency when the war started.

DeFi's TVL has reached $880 billion! Decentralized exchanges are now challenging centralized exchanges, and projects like Maker are bringing real-world assets onto the blockchain.

Non-speculative decentralized social applications are also seeing growth. Farcaster and Polymarket have thousands of users daily, with numbers still increasing. We now have truly usable dApps.

However, all these advancements seem to have been lost on the X timeline; we have done a terrible job in spreading this mission.

Nevertheless, I believe this market downturn will help the crypto industry heal, and progress will continue. We need to clean up our act first and then focus on promoting the positive side of cryptocurrency.

Original Article Link

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$COIN Joins S&P 500, but Coinbase Isn't Celebrating

On May 13, S&P Dow Jones Indices announced that Coinbase would officially replace Discover Financial Services in the S&P 500 on May 19. While other companies like Block and MicroStrategy, closely tied to Bitcoin, were already part of the S&P 500, Coinbase became the first cryptocurrency exchange whose primary business is in the index. This also signifies that cryptocurrency is gradually moving from the fringes to the mainstream in the U.S.



On the day of the announcement, Coinbase's stock price surged by 23%, surpassing the $250 mark. However, just 3 days later, Coinbase was hit by two consecutive events: a hack where employees were bribed to steal customer data and a demand for a $20 million ransom, and an investigation by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) into the authenticity of its claim of having over 100 million "verified users" in its securities filings and marketing materials. These two events acted as mini-bombs, and at the time of writing, Coinbase's stock had already dropped by over 7.3%.


Coincidentally, Discover Financial Services, being replaced by Coinbase, can also be considered the "Coinbase" of the previous payment era. Discover is a U.S.-based digital banking and payment services company headquartered in Illinois, founded in 1960. Its payment network, Discover Network, is the fourth largest payment network apart from Visa, Mastercard, and American Express.


In April, after the approval of the acquisition of Discover by the sixth-largest U.S. bank, Capital One, this well-established digital banking company of over 60 years smoothly handed over its S&P 500 "seat" to this emerging cryptocurrency "bank." This unexpected coincidence also portrayed the handover between the new and old eras in Coinbase's entry into the S&P 500, resembling a relay race scene. However, this relay baton also brought Coinbase's accumulated "external troubles and internal strife" to a tipping point.


Side Effects of ETFs


Over the past decade, cryptocurrency exchanges have been the most stable "profit machines." They play a role in providing liquidity to the entire industry and rely on trading fees to sustain their operations. However, with the comprehensive rollout of ETF products in the U.S. market, this profit model is facing unprecedented challenges. As the leader in the "American stack," with over 80% of its business coming from the U.S., Coinbase is most affected by this.



Starting from the approval of Bitcoin and Ethereum spot ETFs, traditional financial capital has significantly onboarded users and funds that originally belonged to exchanges in a more cost-effective, compliant, and transparent manner. The transaction fee revenue of cryptocurrency exchanges has started to decline, and this trend may further intensify in the coming months.


According to Coinbase's 2024 Q4 financial report, the platform's total trading revenue was $417 million, a 45% year-on-year decrease. The contribution of BTC and ETH's trading revenue dropped from 65% in the same period last year to less than 50%.


This decline is not a result of a decrease in market enthusiasm. In fact, since the approval of the Bitcoin ETF in January 2024, the inflow of BTC into the U.S. market has continued to reach new highs, with asset management giants like BlackRock and Fidelity rapidly expanding their management scale. Data shows that BlackRock's iShares Bitcoin ETF (IBIT) alone has surpassed $17 billion in assets under management. As of mid-May 2025, the cumulative net inflow of 11 major institutional Bitcoin spot ETFs on the market has exceeded $41.5 billion, with a total net asset value of $1214.69 billion, accounting for approximately 5.91% of the total Bitcoin market capitalization.


Chart showing the trend of net outflows for Grayscale among the 11 institutions


Institutional investors and some retail investors are shifting towards ETF products, partly due to compliance and tax considerations. On one hand, ETFs have much lower trading costs compared to cryptocurrency exchanges. While Coinbase's spot trading fee rate varies annually in a tiered manner but averages around 1.49%, for example, the management fee for IBIT ETF is only 0.25%, and the majority of ETF institution fees fluctuate around 0.15% to 0.25%.



In other words, the more rational users are, the more likely they are to move from exchanges to ETF products, especially for investors aiming for long-term holdings.


According to multiple sources, several institutions, including VanEck and Grayscale, have submitted applications to the SEC for a Solana (SOL) ETF, with some institutions also planning to submit an XRP ETF proposal. Once approved, this may trigger a new round of fund migration. According to a report submitted by Coinbase to the SEC, as of April, the platform's trading revenue from XRP and Solana accounted for 18% and 10%, nearly one-third of the platform's fee revenue.



However, the Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs passed in 2024 also reduced the fees for these two tokens on Coinbase from 30% and 15% to 26% and 10%, respectively. If the SOL and XRP ETFs are approved, it will further undermine the core fee revenue of exchanges like Coinbase.


The expansion of ETF products is gradually weakening the financial intermediary status of cryptocurrency exchanges. From their original roles as matchmakers and clearers to now gradually becoming mere "on-ramps and off-ramps" for funds, exchanges are seeing their marginal value squeezed by ETFs.


Robinhood Takes a Stand, Traditional Brokerages Join the Fray


On May 12, 2025, SEC Chairman Paul S. Atkins gave a keynote speech at the Tokenization and Cryptocurrency Working Group roundtable. The theme of his speech revolved around "It is a new day at the SEC," where he indicated that the SEC would not approach enforcement and regulation the same way as before but would instead pave the way for cryptocurrency assets in the U.S. market.



With signs of cryptocurrency compliance such as the SEC's "NEW DAY" declaration, an increasing number of traditional brokerages are attempting to enter the cryptocurrency industry. One of the most representative cases is the well-known U.S. brokerage Robinhood, which began expanding its crypto business in 2018. By the time of its IPO in 2021, Robinhood's crypto business revenue accounted for over 50% of the company, with a significant boost from the Dogecoin "moonshot" promoted by Musk.


In Q1 2025 earnings report, Robinhood showcased strong growth, especially in revenue from cryptocurrency and options trading. Fueled by Trump's Memecoin, cryptocurrency-related revenue reached $250 million, nearly doubling year-over-year. Consequently, Robinhood Gold subscription users reached 3.5 million, a 90% increase from the previous year, with the rapid growth of Robinhood Gold providing the company with a stable source of income.



Meanwhile, RobinHood is actively pursuing acquisitions in the cryptocurrency space. In 2024, it announced a $2 billion acquisition of the long-standing European cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp. Additionally, Canada's largest cryptocurrency CEX, WonderFi, which recently went public on the Toronto Stock Exchange, also announced its integration with RobinHood Crypto. After obtaining virtual asset licenses in the UK, Canada, Singapore, and other markets, RobinHood has taken a proactive approach in the compliant cryptocurrency trading market.



Furthermore, an increasing number of brokerage firms are exploring the same path. Futu Securities, Tiger Brokers, and others are also dipping their toes into cryptocurrency trading, with some having applied for or obtained the VA license from the Hong Kong SFC. Although their user bases are currently small, traditional brokerages have a natural advantage in user trust, regulatory licenses, and low fee structures. This could pose a threat to native cryptocurrency platforms in the future.



User Data Breach: Is Coinbase Still Secure?


In April 2025, security researchers discovered that some Coinbase user data was leaked on the dark web. While the platform initially responded by attributing it to a "technical misinformation," it still raised concerns among users regarding its security and privacy protection. Just two days before Dow Jones Indexes announced Coinbase's addition to the S&P 500 Index, on May 11, 2025, Coinbase received an email from an unknown threat actor claiming to have obtained customer account information and internal documents, demanding a $20 million ransom to keep the data private. Subsequent investigations confirmed the data breach.


Cybercriminals obtained the data by bribing overseas customer service agents and support staff, mainly in "non-U.S. regions such as India." These agents abused their access to Coinbase's internal customer support system and stole customer data. As early as February this year, blockchain detective ZachXBT revealed on X platform that between December 2024 and January 2025, Coinbase users lost over $65 million to social engineering scams, with the actual amount potentially higher.


Among the victims was a well-known figure, 67-year-old Ed Suman, an established artist in the art world for nearly two decades, having been involved in the creation of artworks such as Jeff Koons' "Balloon Dog" sculpture. Earlier this year, he fell victim to an impersonation scam involving fake Coinbase customer support, resulting in a loss of over $2 million in cryptocurrency. ZachXBT critiqued Coinbase for its inadequate handling of such scams, noting that other major exchanges have not faced similar issues and recommending Coinbase to enhance its security measures.


Amidst a series of ongoing social engineering incidents, although there has not been any impact on user assets at the technical level so far, it has raised concerns among many retail and institutional investors. Especially institutions holding massive assets on Coinbase. Just considering the U.S. BTC ETF institutions, as of mid-May 2025, they collectively hold nearly 840,000 BTC, and 75% of these are custodied by Coinbase. If we price BTC at $100,000, this amount reaches a staggering $63 billion, which is equivalent to the nominal GDP of two Iceland in the year 2024.


Visualization: ChatGPT, Source: Farside


In addition, Coinbase Custody also serves over 300 institutional clients, including hedge funds, family offices, pension funds, and endowments. As of the Q1 2025 financial report, Coinbase's total assets under management (including institutional and retail clients) reached $404 billion. The specific amount of institutional custodied assets was not explicitly disclosed in the latest report, but it should still be over 50% based on the Q4 2024 report.


Visualization: ChatGPT


Once this security barrier is breached, not only could the rate of user attrition far exceed expectations, but more importantly, institutional trust in it would undermine the foundation of its business. Therefore, after a hacking event, Coinbase's stock price plummeted significantly.


CEXs are All in Self-Rescue Mode


Facing a decline in spot trading fee revenue, Coinbase is also accelerating its transformation, attempting to find growth opportunities in derivatives and emerging assets. Coinbase acquired a stake in the options platform Deribit at the end of 2024 and announced the official launch of perpetual contract products in 2025. This acquisition fills in Coinbase's gap in options trading and its relatively small global market share.



Deribit has a strong presence in non-U.S. markets, especially in Asia and Europe. The acquisition has enabled Coinbase to gain a dominant position in bitcoin and ethereum options trading on Deribit, accounting for approximately 80% of the global options trading volume, with daily trading volume remaining above $2 billion.


Meanwhile, 80-90% of Deribit's customer base consists of institutional investors, with their professionalism and liquidity in the Bitcoin and Ethereum options market highly favored by institutions. Coinbase's compliance advantage, coupled with its already robust institutional ecosystem, makes it even more suitable. By using institutions as an entry point, it can face the squeeze from giants like Binance and OKX in the derivatives market.



Facing a similar dilemma is Kraken, which is attempting to replicate Binance Futures' model in non-U.S. markets. Since the derivatives market relies more on professional users, fee rates are relatively higher and stickiness is stronger, making it a significant source of revenue for exchanges. In the first half of 2025, Kraken completed the acquisition of TradeStation Crypto and a futures exchange, aiming to build a complete derivatives trading ecosystem to hedge the risk of declining spot transaction fee income.


With the surge of Memecoin in 2024, Binance, OKX, and various CEX platforms began massively listing small-market-cap, highly volatile tokens to activate active trading users. Due to the wealth effect and trading activity of Memecoins, Coinbase was also forced to join the battle, successively listing popular tokens from the Solana ecosystem such as BOOK OF MEME and Dogwifhat. Although these coins are controversial, they are frequently traded, with fee rates several times higher than mainstream coins, serving as a "blood-boosting" method for spot trading.


However, due to its status as a publicly traded company, this practice is a riskier endeavor for Coinbase. Even in the current crypto-friendly environment, the SEC is still investigating whether tokens like SOL, ADA, and SAND constitute securities.


In addition to the forced transformation strategies carried out by the aforementioned CEXs, they are also starting to lay out RWAs and the most talked-about stablecoin payment fields, such as the PYUSD launched through a collaboration between Coinbase and Paypal, Coinbase's support for the Euro stablecoin EURC by Circle that complies with EU MiCA regulatory requirements, or the USD1 launched through a collaboration between Binance and WIFL. In the increasingly crowded trading field, many CEXs have shifted their focus from just the trading market to the application field.


The golden age of transaction fees has quietly ended, and the second half of the crypto exchange platform game has silently begun.


Arthur Hayes: Why I'm Betting on ETH While the Market Is Obsessed with SOL

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1. On-chain Flows: $111.3M inflow to Ethereum this week; $237.6M outflow from Berachain 2. Largest Price Swings: $ETHFI, $NEIRO 3. Top News: Data: Solana Network's revenue reached $7.9M on the 13th, surpassing the sum of all other L1 and L2 chains

May 16 Key Market Information Gap, A Must-Read! | Alpha Morning Report

1. Top News: Coinbase Faces Double Blow with 'SEC Investigation' and 'User Data Breach,' Stock Price Drops by 7.2% 2. Token Unlocking: $ARB, $AVAX, $PRIME, $ASTR, $1INCH

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